Gly-Phe β-naphthylamide (Gly-Phe beta-naphthylamide) is a substrate of cathepsin C that accumulates within the lysosome. Gly-Phe-β-naphthylamide can inhibit the cathepsin-dependent activation of caspase-8.

TC11 is a MCL1 degradator and Caspase-9 and CDK1 activator. TC11 is structurally related to immunomodulatory drugs as phenylphthalimide derivative. TC11 induces apoptotic death caused by degradation of MCL1 during prolonged mitotic arrest.

Z-LE(OMe)TD(OMe)-FMK is a selective caspase-8 inhibitor. Z-LE(OMe)TD(OMe)-FMK can inhibit cell apoptosis.

Pralnacasan (VX-740) is a potent, selective, non-peptide and orally active interleukin-1β converting enzyme (ICE, caspase 1) inhibitor with a Ki of 1.4 nM. Pralnacasan inhibits proinflammatory cytokines IL-18, IL-1β , and IFN-γ. Pralnacasan has the potential for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis treatment.

PETCM is an activator of caspase-3 and acts as an cytochrome c (cyto c)-dependent manner. PETCM promotes Apaf-1 oligomerization and induces cell apoptosis in HeLa cells.