MTK458 (MTK-458) is a potent, selective and brain penetrant PINK1 activator, MTK-458 promotes the first step in mitophagy. MTK458 selectively activates PINK1 by stimulating dimerization and stabilization of the PINK1/TOM complex. MTK458 binds to PINK1 and stabilizes an active heterocomplex, thereby increasing mitophagy. MTK458 reduces the PINK1 substrate pS65-Ubiquitin (pUb) in primary neurons and in vivo. MTK458 drives clearance of pathologic α-synuclein in vitro and in vivo, decreases pS129 α-synuclein aggregates and normalized both brain and corresponding plasma pUb levels in both cellular and animal models of α-synuclein aggregation (PD-like pathology).

Urolithin A is an intestinal metabolite of ellagic acid with antioxidant and antiproliferative effects; inhibits T24 and Caco-2 cell growth with IC50 values of 43.9 and 49 μM, respectively.

Mono-Pt is the first platinum(II) complex that inhibits cancer cells through a non-DNA-binding mitophagy pathway. Mono-Pt promotes the occurrence of mitophagy in cancer cells via stimulating endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and activating unfolded protein response (UPR).