DPTIP-prodrug 18 (P18) is a orally active and brain-penetrable prodrug of DPTIP. DPTIP-prodrug 18 is a potent nSMase2 inhibitor. DPTIP-prodrug 18 significantly inhibits IL-1β-induced EV (extracellular vesicle) release by inhibition of nSMase2 (neutral sphingomyelinase-2) activity. DPTIP-prodrug 18 can be used for brain injury research.

Protizinic acid is an orally active non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent with antiinflammatory and antipyretic activity. Protizinic acid inhibits phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity, and the IC50 value is 210 μM.

Luffariellolide is an inhibitor of human synovial fluid phospholipase A2 (HSF-PLA2) (IC50=5 μM). Luffariellolide effectively inhibits phorbol ester (PMA)-induced ear edema (ED50=50 μg/ear).

Lp-PLA2-IN-4 is a potent inhibitor of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2). Lp-PLA2 previously known as platelet- activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH), is a phospholipase A2 enzyme involved in hydrolysis of lipoprotein lipids or phospholipids. Lp-PLA2-IN-4 has the potential for the research of diseases associated with the activity of Lp-PLA2, for example atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease (extracted from patent WO2021228159A1, compound 38).

Lp-PLA2-IN-5 is a potent inhibitor of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2). Lp-PLA2 previously known as platelet- activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH), is a phospholipase A2 enzyme involved in hydrolysis of lipoprotein lipids or phospholipids. Lp-PLA2-IN-5 has the potential for the research of diseases associated with the activity of Lp-PLA2, for example atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease (extracted from patent WO2021228159A1, compound 32).

Lp-PLA2-IN-6 (compound 18), a tetracyclic pyrimidinone compound, is a potent Lp-PLA2 inhibitor with a pIC50 of 10.0 for rhLp-PLA2. Lp-PLA2-IN-6 has the potential for neurodegenerative related diseases research.

Lp-PLA2-IN-9 (compound 17), a tetracyclic pyrimidinone compound, is a potent Lp-PLA2 inhibitor with a pIC50 of 10.1 for rhLp-PLA2. Lp-PLA2-IN-9 has the potential for neurodegenerative related diseases research.

Lp-PLA2-IN-11 is a potent inhibitor of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2). Lp-PLA2 previously known as platelet- activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH), is a phospholipase A2 enzyme involved in hydrolysis of lipoprotein lipids or phospholipids. Lp-PLA2-IN-11 has the potential for the research of diseases associated with the activity of Lp-PLA2, for example atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease (extracted from patent WO2014114249A1, compound E145).

PACOCF3 (Palmityltrifluoromet​hylketone) is a selective phospholipase A2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 3.8 μM. PACOCF3 alters Ca2+ signaling in renal tubular cells.

Vinaxanthone (SM-345431) is a potent and selective semaphorin3A inhibitor. Vinaxanthone exhibits semaphorin3A inhibiting activity with an IC50 of 0.1-0.2 μM. Vinaxanthone shows selective inhibitory activity against phospholipase C (PLC) from rat brain, mutine colon 26 Adenocarcinoma and murine fibroblasts NIH3T3 with IC50s being 5.4, 9.3 and 44 μM, respectively.

Lp-PLA2-IN-10 is a potent inhibitor of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2). Lp-PLA2 previously known as platelet- activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH), is a phospholipase A2 enzyme involved in hydrolysis of lipoprotein lipids or phospholipids. Lp-PLA2-IN-10 has the potential for the research of neurodegenerative-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), or cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis (extracted from patent WO2022001881A1, compound 4).

GSK2647544 is an orally available, selective inhibitor of Lp-PLA2. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase (Lp-PLA2) is a calcium-independent phospholipase A2 with proinflammatory activities that is primarily secreted by monocyte-derived macrophages.

(S)-Bromoenol lactone ((S)-BEL) is an irreversible, chiral, mechanism-based inhibitor of calcium-independent phospholipase A2β (iPLA2β) that inhibits the vasopressin-induced release of arachidonate from cultured rat aortic smooth muscle (A10) cells with an IC50 of 2 µM.

CAY10502 is a potent, calcium-dependent cytosolic phospholipase A2 α (cPLA2α) inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.3 nM for isolated enzyme. CAY10502 can be used in the research of retinopathy and inflammatory diseases.

(R)-Bromoenol lactone ((R)-BEL) is an irreversible, chiral, mechanism-based inhibitor of calcium-independent phospholipaseγ(iPLA2γ)(/b). (R)-BEL inhibits human recombinant iPLA2γ with an IC50 of approximately 0.6 µM.

MJ33 is an active-site-directed, specific, competitive, and reversible phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor. MJ33 blocks the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) activity of Prdx6.

CAY10650 is a highly potent (IC50 = 12 nM) cPLA2α inhibitor.

Trans-4-Phenyl-3-buten-2-one (trans-Benzylideneacetone, trans-Benzalacetone, trans-Benzylideneacetone) is an inhibitor of the enzyme phospholipase A2 (PLA2). Trans-4-Phenyl-3-buten-2-one is used as a flavouring agent, a fragrance and a bacterial metabolite.

ONO-RS-082 is an inhibitor of phospholipase A (PLA). ONO-RS-082 inhibits PLA2 with the IC50 of 1.0 μM, but does not inhibit PLC even at 100 μM.

ROC-0929 (compound 13a) is a potent and selective inhibitor of secreted phospholipases A2 (sPLA2s) with an IC50 of 80 nM, specially targeting hGX. ROC-0929 inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p-38. Secreted phospholipases A2 (sPLA2s) are a family of disulfide-rich, Ca2+-dependent enzymes that hydrolyze the sn-2 position of glycero-phospholipids to release a fatty acid and a lysophospholipid. ROC-0929 has the potential for researching inflammation related diseases.

Halopemide is a potent phospholipase D (PLD) inhibitor, with IC50s of 220 and 310 nM for human PLD1 and PLD2, respectively. Halopemid is a dopamine receptors antagonist, and acts a psychotropic agent.

MJ33 is an active-site-directed, specific, competitive, and reversible phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor. MJ33 blocks the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) activity of Prdx6. MJ33 has a critical effect on inflammatory brain damage.

U-73122 is an inhibitor of phospholipase C, phospholipase A2, and 5-LO (5-lipoxygenase).

D609 is a selective competitive phosphatidyl choline-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC) inhibitor (Ki = 6.4 μM); antiviral and antitumor agent.

OBAA is a potent phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 70 nM. OBAA blocks Melittin-induced Ca2+ influx in Trypanosoma brucei with an IC50 of 0.4 μM.

Manoalide is a potent Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and Phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor. Manoalide, a sesterpenoid compound, displays anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities.

AACOCF3 (Arachidonyl trifluoromethyl ketone) is a cell-permeant trifluoromethyl ketone analog of arachidonic acid. AACOCF3 is a potent and selective slow binding inhibitor of the 85-kDa cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2). AACOCF3 blocks production of arachidonate and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid by calcium ionophore-challenged platelets. AACOCF3 inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion from isolated rat islets. AACOCF3 has the potential for the research of cardiovascular disease.

CCT129957 is an indole derivative and a potent phospholipase C-γ (PLC-γ) inhibitor with an IC50 of ~3 μM and a GC50 of 15 μM. CCT129957 inhibits Ca2+ release in squamous carcinoma cells at ~15 μM.

Melittin TFA is a PLA2 activator, stimulates the activity of the low molecular weight PLA2, while it does not the increase activity of the high molecular weight PLA2.

Lp-PLA2-IN-3 is a potent and orally bioavailable lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 14 nM for recombinant human Lp-PLA2 (rhLpPLA2).