Alkaline phosphatase is a membrane-bound glycoprotein that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphate monoesters at basic pH values. Alkaline phosphatase can be used for molecular biology and enzyme immunoassay.

Taurohyodeoxycholic acid is the tauroconjugated form of Hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA, a dihydroxylated natural bile acid). Taurohyodeoxycholic acid induces a biliary phospholipid secretion and suggests a hepatoprotective potential. Taurohyodeoxycholic acid also can promote gallstone dissolution.

Myristelaidic acid (trans-9-Tetradecenoic acid), a 14-carbon trans fatty acid, is the trans isomer of Myristoleic acid. Myristelaidic acid is found in most animal fats.

3,5-Dimethylbenzaldehyde is a building block in the chemical synthesis.

Sodium 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate is a precursor of pantothenic acid in Escherichia coli.

OMDM-2 is a potent, selective and metabolically stable inhibitor of anandamide cellular uptake (ACU), with a Ki of 3.0 μM.

OMDM-1 is a potent, selective and metabolically stable inhibitor of anandamide cellular uptake (ACU), with a Ki of 2.4 μM.

Orotidine, a nucleotide, is an intermediate in pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis in RNA and DNA. Orotidine is mainly found in bacteria, fungi and plants.

Stearoyl-L-carnitine chloride is an endogenous long-chain acylcarnitine. Stearoyl-L-carnitine chloride is a less potent inhibitor of GlyT2. Stearoyl-L-carnitine chloride inhibits glycine responses by 16.8% at concentrations up 3 μM.

L-Uridine, isolated from the Polyporaceae fungus Poria cocos (Schw.), is an enantiomer of the normal RNA constituent D-uridine. L-uridine acts as a phosphate acceptor for nucleoside phosphotransferases.

6-Methyluracil (Pseudothymine), a metabolite of Uracil, can be used as an indicator of acetoacetyl-CoA (AACoA) accumulation. 6-Methyluracil exhibits antiradiation effect in vivo.

DL-Asparagine is a racemic melange of the Aparagine L and D-enantiomers. DL-Asparagine has been used in growth-media for bacteria-growth.

DL-Glutamic acid is the conjugate acid of Glutamic acid, which acts as a fundamental metabolite. Comparing with the second phase of polymorphs α and β L-Glutamic acid, DL-Glutamic acid presents better stability.

Linoleic acid, an omega-6 trans fatty acid (TFA), acts as a source of energy. Linoleic acid is an essential nutrient, adding in enteral, parenteral, and infant formulas. Linoleic acid can be used for heart diseases research.

cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline, a proline analogue, is an inhibitor of collagen production. cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline could inhibit fibroblast growth by preventing the deposition of triple-helical collagen on the cell layer. cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline also depresses

N-Acetyl-L-tryptophan is an endogenous metabolite.

(R)-3-Hydroxybutanoic acid sodium ((R)-3-Hydroxybutyric acid) is a metabolite, and converted from acetoacetic acid catalyzed by 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. (R)-3-Hydroxybutanoic acid sodium has applications as a nutrition source and as a precursor for vitamins, antibiotics and pheromones.

2,6-Dibromophenol is an endogenous metabolite.

Hydroxyacetone is an endogenous metabolite.

Dimethyl sulfone is an endogenous metabolite.

Diphenyl disulfide is an endogenous metabolite.

Monomethyl phthalate is a phthalate metabolite. Monomethyl phthalate acts as a urinary biomarker of phthalates exposure and can be used as a standard for the determination of thyroid cancer and benign nodule.

Methoxyacetic acid is an endogenous metabolite.

3,4-Dimethoxyphenethylamine is an endogenous metabolite.

4-Pentenoic acid is an endogenous metabolite.

2-Methylbenzaldehyde is an endogenous metabolite.

D-Leucine is a more potent anti-seizure agent than L-leucine. D-leucine potently terminates seizures even after the onset of seizure activity. D-leucine, but not L-leucine, reduces long-term potentiation but had no effect on basal synaptic transmission in vitro.

1-Dodecanol is an endogenous metabolite.

Phenoxyacetic acid is an endogenous metabolite.

3-Indoleacetonitrile is an endogenous metabolite.