Prion Protein 106-126 (human), a peptide fragment of prion, and can induct neuronal apoptosis, antiproteinase K digestion, fiber formation, and mediate the conversion of normal cellular prion protein (PrPc) into pathogenic isoform (PrPSc). Prion Protein 106-126 (human) is generally used as the model to investigate neural degeneration of prion disease.

4-Hydroxybenzyl cyanide is an endogenous metabolite.

4-Ethoxyphenol is an endogenous metabolite.

1,4-Dimethoxybenzene is an endogenous metabolite.

2',4'-Dimethylacetophenone is an endogenous metabolite.

Acetylvaline is an endogenous metabolite.

β-Ionone, isolated from plant oils, is effective in the induction of apoptosis in gastric adenocarcinoma SGC7901 cells. Anti-cancer activity.

Anabasine ((S)-Anabasine) hydrochloride is an alkaloid that found as a minor component in tobacco (Nicotiana). Anabasine is a botanical?pesticide?nicotine, acts as a full agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Anabasine induces depolarization of TE671 cells endogenously expressing human fetal muscle-type nAChRs (EC50=0.7 μM).

BPBA (2-Bromopyridine-5-boronic acid) is a new labeling reagent to derivatize brassinosteroids (BRs).

2-Naphthoxyacetic acid is an endogenous metabolite.

Metamitron is a pre- and post-emergence herbicide used for the control of broad-leaved weeds and grasses in sugar beet.

2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol is an endogenous metabolite.

Dichlormid is a herbicide safener. Dichlormid up-regulates expression of ZmGST27 and ZmMRP1 and increases ZmGT1.

AP-18, a potent and selective TRPA1 inhibitor, blocks activation of TRPA1 by 50 μM Cinnamaldehyde with an IC50 of 3.1 μM and 4.5 μM for human and mouse TRPA1, respectively. AP-18 reverses complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced mechanical hyperalgesia in mice. AP-18 attenuated 30 μM AITC-induced Yo-Pro uptake in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 10.3 μM.

3-Phenoxybenzoic acid is an endogenous metabolite.

7-Aminodeacetoxycephalosporanic acid (7-ADCA) is a key intermediate in the synthesis of cephalosporins.

4-(3-Methyl-5-oxo-2-pyrazolin-1-yl)benzoic acid has hypoglycaemic activity. 4-(3-Methyl-5-oxo-2-pyrazolin-1-yl)benzoic acid follows a mechanism based on the response to the oral glucose overcharge.

2-Palmitoylglycerol (2-Palm-Gl), an congener of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), is a modest cannabinoid receptor CB1 agonist. 2-Palmitoylglycerol also may be an endogenous ligand for GPR119.

Thiodicarb is a carbamate insecticide used to control flies in animal and poultry houses and dairies. Thiodicarb is metabolized into methomyl in animals and plants, and subsequently degraded into carbon dioxide and acetonitrile.

Chlorhexidine diacetate is a biguanide disinfectant with rapid bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organism. The antibacterial effect of chlorhexidine diacetate is related to its action on the bacterial cell membrane and to precipitation of intracellular contents.

6-Aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) is an important precursor for the synthesis of ?-lactam antibiotics. 6-Aminopenicillanic acid is the main product of Penicillin G (PenG) hydrolyzed by penicillin acylase (PA).

3-Methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one is an endogenous metabolite.

2-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde is an endogenous metabolite.

D-Threonine (H-D-Thr-OH) is an enantiomer of L-threonine. D-Threonine is a metabolite of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

p-Tolualdehyde is an endogenous metabolite.

4-Methylanisole (4-Methoxytoluene) is food flavoring agent and can be naturally found in Ylang Ylang fragrance oil.

Isoquinoline is an analog of?pyridine. Isoquinoline structural-based alkaloids, such as tropoloisoquinoline, phthalideisoquinoline, and naphthylisoquinoline has anti-cancer activities.

2-Methylacetophenone is an endogenous metabolite.

4-Ethylbenzaldehyde is an endogenous metabolite.

1,5,5-Trimethylhydantoin (TMH) is a non-isotopic internal standard (IS).