7-Hydroxycoumarinyl arachidonate (7-HCA) is a fluorogenic substrate of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (PLA2). 7-Hydroxycoumarinyl arachidonat e is also a fluorogenic substrate for monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL). MAGL protein catalyzes the hydrolysis of 7-Hydroxycoumarinyl arachidonat to generate Arachidonic acid (AA) and the highly fluorescent 7-hydroxyl coumarin. Release of 7-HC can be measured using a fluorometer.

NMTCA (NMTPRO) is a sulfur-containing N-nitrosamino acid. NMTCA can be used as an indicator of endogenous nitrosation by gas chromatography-thermalenergyanalysis.

Geranyl diphosphate is a key intermediate in the isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway (IBP).

Ilaprazole sulfone is the major metabolite of Ilaprazole, is predominantly catalysed by CYP3A4/5. Ilaprazole (IY-81149) is an orally active proton pump inhibitor.

Levoleucovorin (Levofolinic acid) is the pharmacologically active levoisomer of racemic leucovorin. Levoleucovorin can be used as a rescue agent after high-dose Methotrexate therapy, and in combination with fluorouracil for the research of advanced metastatic colorectal cancer.

Carboxypeptidase G2 (CPG2) Inhibitor is a novel Carboxypeptidase G2 (CPG2) Inhibitor, Antitumor agents.

Milrinone(Primacor) is a a potent and selective phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.42 μM for the inhibition of FIII PDE

HKB99 is an allosteric inhibitor of phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1). HKB99 inhibits the formation of invasive pseudopodia and increases the level of PAI-2 in vitro. HKB99 increases the oxidative stress, activates JNK/c-Jun and suppresses AKT and ERK. HKB99 can be used for the research of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

JUN-1111 is an irreversible and selective Cdc25 phosphatase inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.38, 1.8, 0.66, 28, 37 µM for Cdc25A, Cdc25B, Cdc25C, VHR, PTP1B, respectively. JUN-1111 induces cell cycle arrest at G1 and G2/M phases. JUN-1111 decreases the expression of phosphoCdk1.

Cimoxatone (MD 780515) is a reversible, selectively and orally active type A monoamine oxidase (MAO-A) inhibitor. Cimoxatone enhances the anorectic action of Serotonin.

cis-ACCP is an orally active antimetastatic matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) selective inhibitor. cis-ACCP can inhibit MMP-2 and MMP-9 with IC50 values of 4 μM and 20 μM, respectively. cis-ACCP can be used for the research of a variety of chronic diseases.

SPC4061 an antisense nucleotide, is a potent PCSK9 inhibitor. SPC4061 targets the lock-in nucleic acid (LNA) of PCSK9 for the study of hypercholesterolemia and related diseases.

PPACK II diTFA is an irreversible and specific glandular and plasma kallikreins inhibitor.

Metanephrine is the O-methylated metabolite of epinephrine that can be used for the research of diagnosis of pheochromocytoma.

UDP-Galactose is a monosaccharide involved in nucleotide sugar metabolism. UDP-Galactose and its derivatives act as a natural agonist for Gi protein-conjugated P2Y14 receptors in the immune system (IC50=0.67 μM, hP2Y14).

Galactonic acid is a sugar acid that is a metabolic breakdown product of galactose. Galactose dehydrogenase is responsible for converting galactose to galactonolactone, which then spontaneously or enzymatically converts to galactonic acid.

Mannose 1-phosphate is an endogenous metabolite. Mannose 1-phosphate can be used to synthesize GDP-Man by the enzyme GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase.

TRH Precursor Peptide is a precursor peptide of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH Precursor Peptide formation of TRH in rat brain and pituitary is zinc-dependent.

Saccharopine (L-Saccharopine) hydrochloride, a lysine degradation intermediate, is a mitochondrial toxin. Lysine and α-ketoglutarate are converted into Saccharopine hydrochloride by the lysine-ketoglutarate reductase. Saccharopine hydrochloride is then oxidized to α-aminoapidate semialdehyde and glutamate by the saccharopine dehydrogenase. Saccharopine hydrochloride impairs development by disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis.

Acetyl-coenzyme A (Acetyl-CoA) trilithium is a membrane-impermeant central metabolic intermediate, participates in the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation metabolism. Acetyl-coenzyme A trilithium regulates various cellular mechanisms by providing (sole donor) acetyl groups to target amino acid residues for post-translational acetylation reactions of proteins. Acetyl Coenzyme A trilithium is also a key precursor of lipid synthesis.

7-Hydroxymethotrexate-d3 is the deuterium labeled 7-Hydroxymethotrexate. 7-Hydroxymethotrexate is a major metabolite of Methotrexate. Methotrexate, an antimetabolite and antifolate agent, inhibits the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, thereby preventing the conversion of folic acid into tetrahydrofolate, and inhibiting DNA synthesis.

AMP-Deoxynojirimycin (AMP-DNM) is a potent ceramide glucosyltransferase and GCase 2 inhibitor. AMP-Deoxynojirimycin also is a GlcCer biosynthesis inhibitor.

EA4, a derivative of quinone, is an inhibitor for both rPLA and cPLA. EA4 can inhibit rPLA2 with a Ki value of 130 μM. EA4 can be used for the research of hemostasis, thrombosis, and erythropoiesis.

PAT-347 is an Autotaxin (ATX) inhibitor. ATX is a secretory enzyme that hydrolyzes lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and regulates lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) production in the blood.

Etazolate hydrochloride (SQ 20009) is an orally active, selective inhibitor of type 4 phosphodiesterase (PDE4) with an IC50 of 2 μM. Etazolate hydrochloride is a γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptor regulator. Etazolate hydrochloride is an α-secretase activator and induced the production of soluble amyloid precursor protein (sAPPα). Etazolate hydrochloride, a pyrazolopyridine class derivative, increases cAMP levels. Etazolate hydrochloride has anxiolyticlike, antidepressant-like and anti-inflammatory effects.

CAY10581, a pyranonaphthoquinone derivative, is a highly specific and reversible uncompetitive IDO Inhibitor with an IC50 of 55 nM.

ASPER-29 is Asperphenamate analog. ASPER-29 also is a dual cathepsin L and S inhibitor with IC50 value of 6.03 μM and 5.02 μM, respectively. ASPER-29 can be used for the research of the migration and invasion of cancer.

Bradykinin potentiator C is a potent angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor with an IC50 of 7.1 μM for rabbit lung ACE. Bradykinin potentiator C is a postulated prototype of functional peptide.

18β-Glycyrrhetyl-3-O-sulfate (Glycyrrhetic acid 3-O-(hydrogen sulfate)) is a potent type 2 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.10 µM using rat kidney microsome. 18β-Glycyrrhetyl-3-O-sulfate is the major metabolite of Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA). 18β-Glycyrrhetyl-3-O-sulfate is the substrate of organic anion transporter (OAT) 1 and OAT3. 18β-Glycyrrhetyl-3-O-sulfate has anti-inflammatory effects and has the potential for pseudohyperaldosteronism research.

YC-1(Lificiguat) is a soluble guanylyl cyclase(sGC) activator; binds to the heme-containing domain of the β subunit with Kd value of 0.6-1.1 μM in the presence of CO.