LTB is a prodrug formed by coupling glycolysis inhibitor (Lonidamine) with PD1/PDL1 blocker (BMS-1) by thioketal linkage. LTB can further encapsulate photosensitizer chlorine e6 (Ce6)) to construct a co-delivery photodynamic nanoplatform (LTB-6 NPs) by self-assembly.

Lon-TK is a glycolysis inhibitor + linker conjugate of LTB. LTB is an intelligent responsive prodrug that connects Lonidamine (Lon) and a PD-L1 inhibitor (BMS-1) through a thioketal linker. It significantly inhibits the glycolytic metabolism of tumor cells and blocks the PD-1/PD-L1 immune escape pathway. Lon-TK shows potential for application in photodynamic-enhanced immunotherapy research.

D5B is a potent and selective PD-L1 inhibitor. D5B has been modified by DBCO. The EC50 of D5B degrading PD-L1 in 4T1 and B16-F10 tumor cells are 5.4 μM and 6.2 μM, respectively. D5B can block PD-L1/PD-1 interaction and has anti-tumor activity.

AB-3PRGD2 is a radiotherapeutic agent targeting integrin αvβ3. AB-3PRGD2 shows improved tumor uptake and prolonged tumor retention, leading to significantly enhanced tumor growth suppression. AB-3PRGD2 can remodel the tumor immune microenvironment by upregulating PD-L1 expression and increasing tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells.

CA-170, also known as AUPM170 and PD-1-IN-17, is a programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor. PD-1-IN-17 was first reported in patent WO2015033301A1, (Compound 4), inhibits 92% splenocyte proliferation at 100 nM.

PD-1/PD-L1-IN-NP19 is a PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 12.5 nM for human PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. PD-1/PD-L1-IN-NP19 could activate the immune microenvironment in tumor, which may contribute to its antitumor effects.

YPD-29B is a potent, specific programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor, effectively blocks the binding of PD-1 and PD-L1 with IC50 of 0.08 pM in HTRF protein-protein interaction assays.

MAX10181 (MAX-10181) is an orally active small molecule PD-L1 inhibitor, shows similar efficacy as Durvalumab in the head to head test of human PD-L1 knock-in MC38 cell line in human PD-1 knock-in mice.

IMMH-010 maleate (YPD-30) is an ester prodrug of YPD-29B, a high potent PD-L1 inhibitor (IC50=0.08 pM), YPD-30 is a potent PD-L1 inhibitor with IC50 of 45.2 nM in HTRF assays.

IMMH-010 (YPD-30) is an ester prodrug of YPD-29B, a high potent PD-L1 inhibitor (IC50=0.08 pM), YPD-30 is a potent PD-L1 inhibitor with IC50 of 45.2 nM in HTRF assays.

BMS136 is a small molecule h-PD1/h-PD-L1 interaction inhibitor with IC50 of 96.7 nM, bind specifically to hPD-L1 through a unique mode of action, induces the dimerization of hPD-L1.

BMS135 is a small molecule h-PD1/h-PD-L1 interaction inhibitor with IC50 of 79.1 nM, bind specifically to hPD-L1 through a unique mode of action, induces the dimerization of hPD-L1.

PD-1/PD-L1-IN-23 is a potent and orally active inhibitor of PD-1/PD-L1. PD-1/PD-L1-IN-23 is an ester prodrug of L7. L7 is a benzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazole derivative and biologically evaluated as inhibitors of PD-L1. PD-1/PD-L1-IN-23 displays significant antitumor effects in tumor models of syngeneic and PD-L1 humanized mice.

BMS-37 is a PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor. BMS-37 can be used as PD-L1 ligand to synthesize PROTAC molecules.

PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor 2 is reported to prevent the interaction of PD-L1 with PD-1 with an IC50 value of 18 nM,a useful compound immunomodulator compound.

PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor 1 is a PD-1/PD-L1 interaction inhibitor,IC50 values: 0.006-0.10 μM,a useful immunomodulator compound.

BMS-1166 is a potent PD-1/PD-L1 interaction inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.4 nM.

BMS-8 inhibits the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction with IC50 of 7.2 μM. BMS-8, binds directly to PD-L1 and induces formation of PD-L1 homodimers, which in turn prevents the interaction with PD-1[1].

PD-1/PD-L1-IN 6 (compound A13) is a potent PD-1/PD-L1 interaction inhibitor, with an IC50 of 132.8 nM. PD-1/PD-L1-IN 6 exhibits outstanding immunoregulatory activity. PD-1/PD-L1-IN 6 significantly elevates interferon-γ secretion in a Hep3B/OS-8/hPD-L1 and CD3 T cell co-culture model, without significant toxic effect. PD-1/PD-L1-IN 6 restores the immune response in a T cell-tumor co-culture model.

HE-S2 is an antibody-drug conjugate triggering a potent antitumor immune response. HE-S2 acts by blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction and activating the Toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) signaling pathway. HE-S2 has remarkable antitumor activity.

N2S2-CBMBC, an N2S2 bromo-benzyl ether derivative, acts as a ligand and use 99mTc-labelled complexes 99mTc-N2S2-CBMBC can be used as an imaging agent to be applied to the aspect of detecting PD-L1 expression, realize the real-time, comprehensive and convenient detection of the PD-L1 level of tumors, and overcome the defects of an immunohistochemical method.

ZE132 is a potent and selective small-molecule inhibitor of PD-1/PD-L1 interaction with IC50 of <0.1 nM.ZE132 effectively inhibits the PD-1/PD-L1 interactions in vitro, and has a potent affinity to PD-L1.ZE132 shows robust anti-tumour effects in vivo, better than anti-PD-1 antibody.ZE132 treatment promotes cytotoxic T-cell tumour infiltration and induces IL-2 expression.ZE132 elicits strong inhibitory effects on the mRNA expression of TGF-β.

PD-L1 inhibitor 4 is a small molecule inhibitor of PD-1/PD-L1 with SPR KD of 0.079 nM.PD-L1 inhibitor 4 exhibited substantially increased binding affinity to hPD-L1, as well as PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitory activity in physiological conditions.PD-L1 inhibitor 4 also showed a dose-dependent increase in IFN-γ secretion levels in a mixed lymphocyte reaction assay.

Evixapodlin is a highly potent, small molecule human PD-1/PD-L1 protein-protein interaction inhibitor with IC50 of 0.213 nM, exhibits potential anticancer and antiviral activities.

[D-Leu-4]-OB3 inhibits expressions of pro-inflammatory, proliferative and metastatic genes and PD-L1 expression. [D-Leu-4]-OB3 stimulates expression of pro-apoptotic genes.

PD-1/PD-L1-IN-14 (compound 17) is a bifunctional inhibitor of PD-1/PD-L1 interactions, with an IC50 of 27.8 nM. PD-1/PD-L1-IN-14 (compound 17) inhibits PD-1/PD-L1 interactions and promotes dimerization, internalization, and degradation of PD-L1.

PD-1/PD-L1-IN-13 (Compound 43) is a potent immune checkpoint PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 10.2 nM. PD-1/PD-L1-IN-13 promots CD8+ T cell activation and delays the tumor growth in the Hepa1-6 syngeneic mouse model.

ARB-272572 is a potent small-molecule PD-L1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 400 pM.

PD-L1-IN-1 is a potent PD-L1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 115 nM. PD-L1-IN-1 strongly binds with the PD-L1 protein and challenged it in a co-culture of PD-L1 expressing cancer cells (PC9 and HCC827 cells) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells enhanced antitumor immune activity of the latter. PD-L1-IN-1 significantly increased interferon γ release and apoptotic induction of cancer cells, with low cytotoxicity in healthy cells.

PD-1-IN-20 is the less active enantiomer of PD-1-IN-1. PD-1-IN-1 is an inhibitor of programmed cell dealth-1 (PD-1) extracted from patent WO 2015033299 A1, compound example 4.