Sultiame, also known as Riker 594 and Ospolot, is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used to treat epilepsy.

Tiaramide hydrochloride, also known as Tiaramide and FK-1160, is an anti-inflammatory drug that inhibits the action of mediators released from mast cells and has direct smooth muscle relaxant properties. It may therefore have a beneficial effect in asthma.

Tolfenamic acid, also known as Clotam, is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Tolfenamic acid interferes with synthesis of β-amyloid precursor protein, and thus Aβ peptides, by promoting degradation of an essential transcription factor. Tolfenamic acid has been shown to exhibit anti-cancer activities in several types of cancer.

Tosufloxacin, also known as T-3262, is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat susceptible infections. It has a controversial safety profile in relation to other fluoroquinolones. It is associated with severe thrombocytopenia and nephritis, and hepatotoxicity. It is sold in Japan under the brand name Ozex.

Tyropanoate sodium, also known as sodium tyropanoate, is a radiocontrast agent used in cholecystography (X-ray diagnosis of gallstones). The molecule contains three heavy iodine atoms which obstruct X-rays to produce a visible image. After injection, it is rapidly excreted into the bile.

Clovoxamine, also known as DU 23811, is a nontricyclic antidepressant and has a dual action in blocking the reuptake of both noradrenaline and serotonin. Clovoxamine has little affinity for muscarinic, histaminergic, serotonergic and adrenergic binding sites. Clovoxamine induces a decrease in the functional beta-adrenergic receptor coupled c-AMP response.

Isovaleramide, also known as NPS-1776, is a drug potentially for the treatment of migraine.

Albaconazole, also known as UR-9825; W-0027, is a 14alpha-Demethylase inhibitor potentially for the treatment of fungal infection.

Edaglitazone, also known as R-483; RO-2052349-602; BM-13.1258; RO-2052349-000; Ro-205-2349, is a PPARγ agonist potentially for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Edarglitazone, restores acute inflammatory responses to cerebral hypoxia-ischemia in the diabetic ob/ob mouse.

Dextrophan tartrate is a glutamate receptor antagonist potentially for the treatment of stroke. Dextrorphan (DXO) is a psychoactive drug of the morphinan chemical class which acts as an antitussive or cough suppressant and dissociative hallucinogen. It is the dextrorotatory-stereoisomer of racemorphan, the levo-half being levorphanol. Dextrorphan is produced by O-demethylation of dextromethorphan by CYP2D6. Dextrorphan is an NMDA antagonist and contributes to the psychoactive effects of dextromethorphan.

Terizidone is a drug used in the treatment of tuberculosis. Terizidone is used mainly used in multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in conjunction with other second-line drugs. It is a derivate of cycloserine and it is bacteriostatic.

Linamarin, also known as Phaseolunatin, is a glucoside of acetone cyanohydrin found in the leaves and roots of cassava, lima beans, and flax. Upon exposure to enzymes and gut flora in the human intestine, linamarin and its methylated relative lotaustralin can decompose to the toxic chemical hydrogen cyanide; hence food uses of plants that contain significant quantities of linamarin require extensive preparation and detoxification.

Pregnenolone is a natural steroid hormone that serves as a precursor for a wide range of steroids, including mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, androgens, and estrogens.

Pyrogallol is an organic compound with the formula C6H3(OH)3. It is a white solid although because of its sensitivity toward oxygen, samples are typically brownish. Pyrogallol can be used in hair dying, dying of suturing materials and for oxygen absorption in gas analysis. It also has antiseptic properties. Pyrogallol was also used as a developing agent in black-and-white developers, but its use is largely historical except for special purpose applications. (Hydroquinone is more commonly used today.)

Adaptavir, also known as RAP-101, DAPTA, and mDAPTA, is a CCR5 receptor antagonist potentially for the treatment of HIV infection and HBV infection.

Fialuridine, also known as FIAU, DRG-0098, is a DNA-directed DNA polymerase inhibitor potentially for the treatment of HBV infection. Fialuridine induces acute liver failure in chimeric TK-NOG mice: a model for detecting hepatic drug toxicity prior to human testing. Fialuridine is phosphorylated and inhibits DNA synthesis in isolated rat hepatic mitochondria. Fialuridine and its metabolites inhibit DNA polymerase gamma at sites of multiple adjacent analog incorporation, decrease mtDNA abundance, and cause mitochondrial structural defects in cultured hepatoblasts.

Aminothiadiazole, also known as NSC-4728; A-TDA; ADTA, is an inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor potentially for the treatment of solid tumours. Aminothiadiazole is a synthetic derivative of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). Aminothiadiazole competitively inhibits inosine 5-monophosphate dehydrogenase, thereby disrupting the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation in a number of cells. This agent is also a selective human adenosine A3 receptor antagonist.

Nitecapone, also known as OR-462, is a catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor potentially for the treatment of peptic ulcer. Nitecapone reduces development and symptoms of neuropathic pain after spinal nerve ligation in rats. Nitecapone reduces cardiac neutrophil accumulation in clinical open heart surgery. Nitecapone inhibits myeloperoxidase in vitro and enhances functional performance after 8 h of ischemia in experimental heart transplantation.

Methylthioninium Chloride, also known as TRx-014 and Methylene blue, has many uses in biology and chemistry; for example, it can be used as a stain and as a medication. Methylene blue should not be confused with methyl blue, another histology stain, new methylene blue, nor with the methyl violets often used as pH indicators. Methylthioninium Chloride is also tau protein inhibitor potentially for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease.

Arasertaconazole is a sterol-14-alpha demethylation inhibitor potentially for treatment of vulvovaginal candcanidiasis.

Bufuralol, also known as Ro-34787, is a β-adrenoceptor antagonist with partial agonist activity and is potentially useful for the treatment of hypertension. It is metabolized by CYP2D6. Most beta blockers are aryloxypropanolamine-based. In this rare exception, the benzofuran oxygen is part of a ring instead of derived from the epichlorohydrin precursor.

Bicifadine HCl, also known as DOV-220075, CL 220,075, is a SNDR inhibitor potentially for the treatment of lower back pain. Bicifadine has a non-opioid, non-NSAID mechanism for the treatment of pain, which should have less abuse potential than opioid drugs and less propensity to cause gastric ulcers than NSAID drugs. While the drug is purported to be a serotonin (SERT) and noradrenaline transporter (NET) inhibitor, it also has effects at the dopamine transporter (DAT), effectively making it a broad-spectrum monoamine transporter inhibitor or "triple reuptake inhibitor."

Tesaglitazar, also known as AR-H-039242XX; AZ-242; ARH-039242XX, is a PPAR agonist potentially for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The drug had completed several phase III clinical trials, however in May, 2006 AstraZeneca announced that it had discontinued further development.

Pregnanolone, also known as 3a5b-Pregnanolone; Kabi-2213, SKF 6455, Eltanolone, is a cell membrane modulator potentially for the treatment of pain. Pregnanolone is an endogenous neurosteroid that is biosynthesized from progesterone. It is a positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor, as well as a negative allosteric modulator of the glycine receptor, and is known to have sedative, anxiolytic, anesthetic, and anticonvulsant effects. It was investigated for clinical use as a general anesthetic, but produced unwanted side effects such as convulsions on occasion, and for that reason was never marketed.

Sorbinil, also known as CP-45634, is an aldose reductase inhibitor potentially for the treatment of diabetes. Aldose reductase is an enzyme present in lens and brain that gets rid of excess glucose by converting it to sorbitol. Sorbitol accumulation can lead to the development of cataracts in the lens and neuropathy in peripheral nerves. Sorbinil has been shown to inhibit aldose reductase in human brain and placenta and calf and rat lens. Sorbinil reduced sorbitol accummulation in rat lens and sciatic nerve of diabetic rats orally administered 0.25mg/kg sorbinil.

Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, also known as Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin; THPB; HP-beta-CD; HPbCD; HP-beta-CyD; VTS-270; HPbetaCD; HPbetaCyD, is a drug candidate potentially for the treatment of Niemann-Pick type C diseases. In April 2009, hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPbCD) was first approved.

Acetylglucosamine or N-acetylglucosamine is potentially for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. N-Acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) is a monosaccharide that usually polymerizes linearly through (1,4)-β-linkages. GlcNAc is the monomeric unit of the polymer chitin, the second most abundant carbohydrate after cellulose. In addition to serving as a component of this homogeneous polysaccharide, GlcNAc is also a basic component of hyaluronic acid and keratin sulfate on the cell surface. GlcNAc has been reported to be an inhibitor of elastase release from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (range 8–17% inhibition), however this is much weaker than the inhibition seen with N-acetylgalactosamine (range 92–100%).

Licarbazepine, also known as BIA-2-005; GP-47779; LIC-477; LIC-477D; TRI-477, is a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker with anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing effects that is related to oxcarbazepine. It is an active metabolite of oxcarbazepine. In addition, an isomer of licarbazepine, eslicarbazepine ((S)-(+)-licarbazepine), is an active metabolite of eslicarbazepine acetate. Oxcarbazepine and eslicarbazepine acetate are inactive on their own, and behave instead as prodrugs to licarbazepine and eslicarbazepine, respectively, to produce their therapeutic effects.

Pimagedine, also known as aminoguanidine, MDL-201228; YM-585; GER-11, is an AGE Inhibitor potentially for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy. Pimagedine is also a diamine oxidase and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. It acts to reduce levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) through interacting with 3-deoxyglucosone.

Ganaxolone, also known as CCD 1042 and C1042, is a CNS-selective GABAA modulator that acts on well-characterized targets in the brain known to have anxiolytic and anticonvulsant effects. Ganaxolone protects against seizures in diverse animal models, including the pentylenetetrazol, 6 Hz and amygdala kindling models. Ganaxolone is a positive allosteric modulator of the action of the GABAA receptor and, unlike benzodiazepines, there does not appear to be tolerance to the anticonvulsant effects of ganaxolone.