DL-Glutamic acid is the conjugate acid of Glutamic acid, which acts as a fundamental metabolite. Comparing with the second phase of polymorphs α and β L-Glutamic acid, DL-Glutamic acid presents better stability.

Linoleic acid, an omega-6 trans fatty acid (TFA), acts as a source of energy. Linoleic acid is an essential nutrient, adding in enteral, parenteral, and infant formulas. Linoleic acid can be used for heart diseases research.

cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline, a proline analogue, is an inhibitor of collagen production. cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline could inhibit fibroblast growth by preventing the deposition of triple-helical collagen on the cell layer. cis-4-Hydroxy-L-proline also depresses

Quinizarin (1,4-Dihydroxyanthraquinone), a part of the anticancer agents such as Doxorubicin, Daunorubicin, and Adriamycin, interacts with DNA by intercalating mode (Kd=86.1 μM). Quinizarin is used as a fungicide and pesticide chemical and has shown the a

Benzyl selenocyanate is a chemopreventive agent for various chemically induced tumors in animal models at both the initiation and postinitiation stages. Benzyl selenocyanate is an inhibitor of DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase (Mtase), with an with an IC

2,6-Dimethylquinoline, a nature constituent from the roots of Peucedantu praeruptorum, is a CYP1A2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 3.3 µM. 2,6-Dimethylquinoline also inhibits CYP2B6 activity with an IC50 of 480 µM.

Gallic acid (3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid) hydrate is a natural polyhydroxyphenolic compound and an free radical scavenger to inhibit cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Gallic acid hydrate has various activities, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antimicrobial,

FD-IN-1 (Compound 12) is an orally bioavailable and selective factor D (FD) inhibitor with an IC50 of 12 nM. Complement FD, a highly specific S1 serine protease, plays a central role in the alternative complement pathway of the innate immune system. FD-IN

2-Aminoimidazole is a potent antibiofilm agent that can be used as an adjuvant to antimicrobial. 2-aminoimidazoles disrupts the ability of bacteria to protect themselves by inhibiting biofilm formation and genetically-encoded antibiotic resistance traits.

Methyl indole-3-carboxylate is a natural product isolated from Sorangium cellulosum strain Soce895. Methyl indole-3-carboxylate shows a weak activity against the Gram-positive Nocardia sp with a MIC value of 33.33 μg/mL.

Pactimibe (CS-505 free base) is a dual ACAT1/2 inhibitor with IC50s of 4.9 μM and 3.0 μM, respectively. Pactimibe (CS-505 free base) inhibits ACAT with IC50s of 2.0 μM, 2.7 μM, 4.7 μM in the liver, macrophages and THP-1 cells, respectively. Pactimibe (CS-

Pactimibe sulfate (CS-505) is a dual ACAT1/2 inhibitor with IC50s of 4.9 μM and 3.0 μM, respectively. Pactimibe sulfate (CS-505) inhibits ACAT with IC50s of 2.0 μM, 2.7 μM, 4.7 μM in the liver, macrophages and THP-1 cells, respectively. Pactimibe sulfate

N,N'-Dimethylthiourea (DMTU), isolated from Allii Sativi Bulbus, is an orally active scavenger of hydroxyl radical (•OH) and blocks •OH production by activated neutrophils in vitro. N,N'-Dimethylthiourea protects against water-immersion restraint stress (

Fluorene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), is a precursor to other fluorene compounds. Fluorene and its derivative can be used as a precursor to pharmaceuticals or fluorene-based dyes.

(R)-(-)-1,2-Propanediol is a (R)-enantiomer of 1,2-Propanediol that produced from glucose in Escherichia coli expressing NADH-linked glycerol dehydrogenase genes.

1-Nonadecanol is one of the compositions of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) essential oil of Heracleum thomsonii. 1-Nonadecanol is also an important aroma compound in Neotinea ustulata.

Phthalide is a promising chemical scaffold with a potent anti-inflammatory efficacy. Phthalide can be used to synthesize a variety of phthalide derivatives including anti-inflammatory agent, antimicrobial, antioxidant.

Naphthoresorcinol (1,3-Dihydroxynaphthalene) is a fluorescent dye (λex=330 nm, λem=380 nm) that can react with the NPPD (a tracer) and concentrated HCl and develop a red color. Naphthoresorcinol could be used as a background electrolyte (BGE) to determine

(±)-Dihydroactinidiolide, an important aroma compound of black tea and tobacco, has been isolated from several plants. (±)-Dihydroactinidiolide can be formation from β-Carotene by the treatment of polyphenoloxidase, the lipoxygenase, and the xanthine oxid

3,4-Dimethoxybenzamide, amide, is isolated from the solid culture of Streptoverticillium morookaense. 3,4-Dimethoxybenzamide can be used as the starting material to preparation Itopride hydrochloride.

Ethyl cinnamate is a fragrance ingredient used in many fragrance compounds. Ethyl cinnamate is a food flavor and additive for cosmetic products. Ethyl cinnamate is also an excellent clearing reagent for mammalian tissues.

D-Cystine is the D-enantiomer of L-Cystine. D-Cystine inhibits L-aspartate-β-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (ASADH) from Escherichia coli.

1-Hexanol, a primary alcohol, is a surfactant that can be employed in industrial processes to enhance interfacial properties. 1-Hexanol uncouples mitochondrial respiration by a non-protonophoric mechanism.

Benzoin is a kind of alsamic resin isolated from the styracaceae family. Benzoin can be used as a colour additive used for marking plants.

N-Acetyl-L-tryptophan is an endogenous metabolite.

Acivicin is a glutamine analog that irreversibly inhibits glutamine-dependent amidotransferases involved in nucleotide and amino acid biosynthesis (Kis = 10 and 560 μM for anthranilate synthase and glutamate synthase, respectively).

A metabolite of Flurazepam Controlled substance (depressant).

A 1,2,5-thiadiazolidin-3-one-1,1-dioxide scaffold for design of protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) inhibitor.

E3 ligase Ligand 4 is a ligand of E3 ligase, used in PROTAC technology.

CS-3150 (Esaxerenone, XL-550) is a highly potent, selective and orally active non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist with IC50 of 9.4 nM; displays >1,000-fold selectivity over other steroid hormone receptors, glucocorticoid receptor, androgen receptor and progesterone receptor; inhibits aldosterone-induced transcriptional activation of human mineralocorticoid receptor with IC50 of 3.7 nM, shows superior potency to that of spironolactone and eplerenone; suppresses aldosterone-induced decrease in urinary Na(+)/K(+) ratio, inhibits blood pressure elevation induced by DOCA/salt-loading in rats.