Nelfinavir(AG-1341) is a potent and orally bioavailable human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 protease inhibitor (Ki=2 nM) and is widely prescribed in combination with HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitors for the treatment of HIV infection.

Bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) is a bacterial second messenger implicated in the control of cell wall metabolism, osmotic stress responses and sporulation. Detection of c-di-AMP by the host cytoplasmic surveillance pathway (CSP) is known to elicit type I IFN responses through a signaling axis that involves STING, TBK1 and IRF3 [1, 2]. Involvement of the helicase DDX41 in the recognition of c-di-AMP has been suggested [3]. Recent studies have also demonstrated that c-di-AMP exerts strong adjuvant activities when delivered by the mucosal route [4, 5].

Cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) is one of the most important and common bacterial second messenger. It is involved in numerous prokaryotic processes, including biofilm formation, motility, virulence, and cell cycling. c-di-GMP also has functions in eukaryotic cells. It is detected by the transmembrane protein stimulator of interferon genes (STING), leading to activation of the innate immune system.

Lefamulin is a semi-synthetic compound that inhibits the synthesis of bacterial protein, which is required for bacteria to grow.

Rocaglamide (Rocaglamide A) is isolated from the genus Aglaia and can be used for coughs, injuries, asthma and inflammatory skin diseases. Rocaglamide is a potent inhibitor of NF-κB activation in T-cells. Rocaglamide is a potent and selective heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) activation inhibitor with an IC50 of ~50 nM. Rocaglamide inhibits the function of the translation initiation factor eIF4A. Rocaglamide also has anticancer properties in leukemia.

Clevudine (Levovir) is an antiviral drug for the treatment of hepatitis B,showed potent activity against COVID-19(SARS-COV-2) .

PTC596 is an orally active and selective B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 (BMI-1) inhibitor. PTC596 targets BMI1 expressed by both tumor cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs), and induces hyper-phosphorylation of BMI1, leading to its degradation. PTC596 downregulates MCL-1 and induces p53-independent mitochondrial apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia progenitor cells.

EMI1 (EGFR MaMTH Inhibitor 1) is a novel EGFR ex19del/T790M/C797S inhibitor.EMI1, while potently reducing the interaction of EGFR triple mutant with Shc1 in our MaMTH-DS assay, did not behave as a TKI and displayed no inhibition of the kinase activity of EGFR triple-mutant protein invitro.EMI1 did, however, more strongly inhibit the viability and increase the caspase 3/7 activ-ity of PC9 EGFR ex19del/T790M/C797S triple-mutant cells than noncancerous human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells, as well as potently reduce PC9 EGFR ex19del/T790M/C797S organ-oid viability.EMI1 had a similar inhibi-tory effect on microtubule plus-end growth in both EGFR-WT and EGFR-C797S triple-mutant cells at 50–100 nM concentration. At 1 µM concentration, EMI1 strongly depolymerized inter-phase microtubules, perturbed spindle formation and induced strong mitotic block in PC9 EGFR ex19del/T790M/C797S cells after 20 h of treatment. EMI1 inhibited interaction of both proteins with EGFR at a level similar to that observed with Shc1, indicating it is not a specific inhibitor of the EGFR-Shc1 PPI interface. Rather, the loss of interaction mediated by EMI1 appears to be due to a more general alteration in EGFR activity.EMI1 induced EGFR degradation, and inhibited the activation of EGFR, ERK, AKT and S6 in PC9-ex19del and PC9-ex19del/T790M cells.

ABBV-744 is a BDII-selective BET bromodomain inhibitor that is being investigated to treat AML and metastic castration-resistant prostate cancer.BBV-744, a highly potent and selective inhibitor of the BD2 domain of BET family proteins with drug-like properties. In contrast to the broad range of cell growth inhibition induced by DbBi, the antiproliferative activity of ABBV-744 was largely, but not exclusively, restricted to cell lines of acute myeloid leukaemia and prostate cancer that expressed the full-length androgen receptor (AR). ABBV-744 retained robust activity in prostate cancer xenografts, and showed fewer platelet and gastrointestinal toxicities than the DbBi ABBV-07514.Analyses of RNA expression and chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing revealed that ABBV-744 displaced BRD4 from AR-containing super-enhancers and inhibited AR-dependent transcription, with less impact on global transcription compared with ABBV-075. These results underscore the potential value of selectively targeting the BD2 domain of BET family proteins for cancer therapy.

Foxy-5 is a novel Wnt-5A mimicking hexapeptide that inhibits breast cancer metastasis in vivo by targeting cell motility.

FRAX1036 is a novel ATP-competitive small molecule inhibitor of group I p21-activated Kinases (PAKs).

Danicopan (ACH-4471, ACH-0144471) is a highly potent, orally active Factor D inhibitor with Kd of 0.54 nM, inhibits the proteolytic activity of purified Factor D against substrate Factor B in complex with C3b, blocking production of Bb fragment IC50 of 15 nM.

FK962 is an enhancer of somatostatin release, exerts cognitive-enhancing actions. Anti-dementia properties.

TH-263 is an inactive analog control for the type III allosteric LIM-kinase (LIMK) inhibitors TH-257, TH-255 and TH-251. LIM kinases belong to the family of cytoplasmic tyrosine-like kinases with dual specificity (serine/threonine and tyrosine). However, known LIMK substrate are usually phosphorylated at serine and threonine residues LIM kinases comprises LIM kinase 1 (LIMK1) and LIM kinase 2 (LIMK2) which show 50% sequence identity in human. Both LIMK1 and LIMK2 present with a unique domain organization containing two N-terminal LIM domains, a PDZ domain, a proline/serine-rich domain and a C-terminal kinase domain.

NTP42 is a thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 3.278 nM for antagonizing T prostanoid receptor (TP)- mediated [Ca2+] mobilization following stimulation of cells with the alternative TP agonist U46609. NTP42 can be used for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).

GS-4361 is a potent and selective IDO1 inhibitor with an EC50 of 17 nM, GS-4361 was first reported in patent WO2019040102A.

VUN34002, also known as Vanin-1-IN-1 is an inhibitor of vanin-1 enzyme which is a cell surface associated, giycosyiphosphatidyS inositol (GPi) anchored protein and plays an important role in metabolism and inflammation. VUN34002 has CAS#2173134-00-2 without formal code name. According to Hodoodo Chemical Nomenclature, it is named as VUN34002.

A potent, selective, non-RGD-mimetic αIIbβ3 integrin receptor antagonist with IC50 of 45 nM, with no activity on αVβ3 receptors. .

THZ1 is a novel selective and potent covalent CDK7 inhibitor with IC50(binding affinity) of 3.2 nM; inhibits Jurkat cell's proliferation with IC50 of 50 nM.

JA2131 is a selective bioavailable poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (RARG) inhibitor with IC50 of 0.4 μM.

ζ(ZETA)-Stat (1,3,6-Naphthalenetrisulfonic acid) is a novel PKC-zeta (PKC-ζ) specific inhibitor with IC50 of 5 uM, showed only 13% inhibition on PKC-I at 20 uM.

NI-42 is a potent, selective and orally active BRPF1 bromodomain inhibitor with IC50 of 7.9 nM, with excellent selectivity over nonclass IV BRDs; weakly inhibits BRPF2 (BRD1), BRPF3, BRD9 and BRD4 (BD1) with IC50 of 48, 260, 310 and 4500 nM respectively, and no activity for ATAD2A/2B (IC50>100 uM); shows a modest (GI50=1-10 uM) and selective inhibition of proliferation of certain cancer lines, particularly those lines exhibiting monocytic lineage differentiation; a novel, structurally orthogonal chemical probe for the BRPFs suitable for cellular and in vivo studies.

A potent, orally bioactive 20S proteasome inhibitor with IC50 of 1.3 nM (inhibition of proteasomal chymotrypsin-like proteolytic activity).

A novel anti-TB agent that has an MIC range of 0.06-0.5 ug/mL..

OGG1 inhibitor O8 is a potent, selective inhibitor of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) with IC50 of 0.22 uM, displays no significant activity against other DNA Glycosylases (NEIL1, NTH1, Fpg, IC50>50 uM)..

MYC inhibitor DC-34 is a potent small molecule that selectively inhibits MYC at the transcriptional level only when a G-quadruplex (G4) is present in the promoter, binds to MYC G4 with Kd of 9.4 uM.

Dopamine D2 and 5-HT1A partial agonist in development as a potential treatment for schizophrenia and other psychotic indications; Pharmacoloy profile makes it an atypical antipsychotic and a new approach for the treatment of schizophrenia.

SUVN-911 (compound 9h) is a Novel, Potent, Selective, and Orally Active Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine α4β2 Receptor Antagonist for the Treatment of Depression.Compound 9h is a potent α4β2 receptor ligand with a Ki value of 1.5 nM. It showed >10 μM binding affinity toward the ganglionic α3β4 receptor apart from showing selectivity over 70 other targets. It is orally bioavailable and showed good brain penetration in rats. Marked antidepressant activity and dose-dependent receptor occupancy in rats support its potential therapeutic utility in the treatment of depression. It does not affect the locomotor activity at doses several folds higher than its efficacy dose. It is devoid of cardiovascular and gastrointestinal side effects. Successful long-term safety studies in animals and phase-1 evaluation in healthy humans for safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics paved the way for its further development.

A homoisoflavanone found in Caesalpinia sappan, a potent, selective IMPDH2 inhibitor that covalently binds to Cys140 with Kd of 3.944 nM, almost 10 times lower than the Kd of binding to IMPDH1.

R enantiomer of Hydroxychloroquine. Hydroxychloroquine is a potent drug for the COVID-19 trement.