Diethyl fumarate is a decomposition product of Malathion (an insecticide). Diethyl fumarate is a reputed skin irritant. Diethyl fumarate can causes non-immunologic contact urticaria on skin.

Methyl behenate (Methyl docosanoate) is a naturally fatty acid methyl ester isolated from the plant of Aspidopterys obcordata Lemsl.

Pennogenin is a bioactive component which can be isolated from T. govanianum rhizomes. Pennogenin exhibits significant in vitro inhibitory effect on release of ROS.

Debenzoylpaeoniflorgenin is a natural compound from Paeonial lactiflora in Guizhitang.

Isotoosendanin is a limonoid isolated from Melia toosendan fruit. Isotoosendanin displays significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.

Podophyllol, a derivative of podophyllotoxin esters, has antitumor activity.

Euphorbetin, isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the dried whole plants of Viola yedoensis Makino, exhibits anticoagulant activities.

Saikogenin F is isolated from the chloroform extract of the Chinese medicine formula Shenqi San. Anti-cancer activity.

Taccalonolides C, isolated from T. plantaginea, is an anti-cancer agent.

Neoanhydropodophyllol is a cyclolignan derivative, with antineoplastic activity. Neoanhydropodophyllol displays cytotoxicity against several cancer cells (leukemia, lung carcinoma, colon carcinoma).

Desoxylimonin is a triterpenoid compound isolated from grapefruit seed. Desoxylimonin derivatives has better anticancer, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activitythan the lead compound.

Dihydrolapachenole is a naturally occurring quinone.

Acetylatractylodinol, isolated from Atractylodes lancea, possesses antioxidant activity.

Safranal is an orally active main component of Saffron (Crocus sativus) and is responsible for the unique aroma of this spice. Safranal has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects and has the potential for Parkinson’s disease research.

Cognac oil, mainly found in wine lees, has unique fatty acid profiles, including Palmitic acid (59.26%), Linoleic acid (11.92%), Myristic acid (8.97%), Oleic acid (8.3%) and other fatty acids. Cognac oil leads to a general increase in the permeation of R6G (Rhodamine 6G) across all the membranes.

2-(Hydroxymethyl)anthraquinone is used as a photoremovable protecting group (PRPG) to chemically cage sex pheromone (e.g. (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-ol (sex pheromone of?Chilo infuscatellussnellen)).

Pentacosane is one of the major components in the acetone extract from Curcuma raktakanda and is also in the essential oil from the leaves of Malus domestica. Pentacosane exhibit anti-cancer activities.

Anhydroerythromycin A is a degradation product of the macrolide antibiotic erythromycin. Anhydroerythromycin A is formed via degradation of erythromycin in acidic aqueous solutions in vitro as well as in vivo. Anhydroerythromycin A is active against S. aureus and B. cereus in vitro (MICs = 12.5 and 6.25 μg/ml, respectively). Anhydroerythromycin A also inhibits steroid 6β-hydroxylase activity associated with the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoform CYP3A in human liver microsomes.

Methyl propyl disulfide is an volatile sulfur-containing compound produced in garlic and onions with anticaner effect.

Massoia lactone ((±)-Massoia lactone) is a coconut and creamy fragrant compound mianly isolated from Cryptocarya massoy. Massoia lactone is also a fragrant biosurfactant produced by a fungus Aureobasidium pullulans.

Gomisin E, a dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan isolated from the fruits of Schizandra chinensis, inhibits NFAT transcription with an IC50 of 4.73 μM.

Bombykol, the first insect sex pheromone, is identified as the female-produced sex attractant of the silkworm moth Bombyx mori.

Rubropunctamine is a red azaphilone pigment isolated from the extracts of Monascus pilosus-fermented rice (red-mold rice). Rubropunctamine has anti-inflammation activities.

Monensin B is a polyketide produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. Fermentations of Streptomyces cinnamonensis produce a mixture of Monensin A and Monensin B in a ratio dependent upon the relative concentrations of ethylmalonyl-CoA and methylmalonyl-CoA.

Didrovaltrate (Didrovaltratum), isolated from the roots of Valeriana wallichii D.C, is a cytotoxic and antitumor agent.

Euojaponine D is a sesquiterpene alkaloids from Euonymus japonica (Celastraceae). Celastraceae has potent insecticidal activity.

Megastigm-7-ene-3,5,6,9-tetraol (Megastigma-7-en-3,5,6,9-tetraol) is a diterpenoid analogue in the aerial parts of Isodon melissoides. Megastigm-7-ene-3,5,6,9-tetraol is also in Vigna luteola and has anti-inflammatory bioactivity.

α-Amyrin palmitate is isolated from Santalum album (sandalwood).?α-Amyrin palmitate can be used for the study of arthritis in vivo.

29-Nor-20-oxolupeol, extracted from Impatiens basamina, reduces NO levels in LPS-activated murine microglial cells with an IC50 of 44.21 μM.

Scopoletin acetate is a coumarin isolated from Artemisia granatensis.