OG 488, acid, a fluorescent pH indicator, has many applications in biochemistry and neurosciences.

QSY 21 has a wide - ranging and intense absorption with a peak at 661 nanometers. It emits no detectable fluorescence, which makes it highly useful as an acceptor in Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) applications. As a commonly - used long - wavelength quencher, it can be optimally paired with fluorescent dyes such as Cy5, Alexa Fluor 647, iFluor 647, or other dyes with similar spectra.

The amine - reactive quencher, QCY9 NHS, shows a broad and intense absorption in the visible light range with a peak at approximately 560 nm. Moreover, it lacks fluorescence, which disqualifies it from being used as an acceptor in Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) applications.

QCY 7 NHS and QSY 7 NHS refer to the same molecule. QCY 7 features a broad and intense absorption with a peak at around 550 nanometers and has no detectable fluorescence. These characteristics make it highly useful as an acceptor in Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) applications when paired with fluorescent dyes such as Cy3, TAMRA, Alexa Fluor 555, iFluor 647, or other dyes with similar spectra.

HCQ - 1 maleimide serves as an excellent building block for labeling thiol - containing molecules. The HCQ - 1 dye exhibits almost no fluorescence and has a moderate extinction coefficient. These dark quenchers are commonly utilized in molecular beacon probes. In such probes, the contribution of FRET to fluorescence quenching is extremely small. As a result, compared with other FRET probes like FRET peptides, the dependence on donor - acceptor spectral overlap is not as prominent. The HCQ - 1 dye is capable of quenching a variety of fluorophores, especially fluorescein derivatives such as FAM, HEX, TET, NED, and JOE.

HCQ-3 NHS has a maximum absorbance at 672 nm and can be placed at either the 5' or 3' end of an oligonucleotide or within its interior. Oligonucleotides labeled with BHQ-3 are employed in numerous applications, such as dual-labeled fluorescent probes for real-time PCR. This dark quencher has a strong absorption range from 620 to 730 nm, enabling it to quench fluorophores that emit fluorescence within this range, like Quasar 670 and Quasar 705 dyes.

HCQ-2 NHS is a dark quencher with no native emission due to the polyaromatic-azo backbone and a terminal NHS ester. UBHQ-2 NHS has a wide and intense quenching range from 560-670 nm, which makes it useful as an acceptor in fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) applications in conjunction with orange to far-red emitting dyes. The NHS ester can be applied to label the primary amines (-NH2) of proteins, amine-modified oligonucleotides, and other amine-containing molecules.

HCQ-1 NHS directly labeled by fluorescently labeled nucleotide.

Tex Red-X NHS is a derivative of Texas Red (HY-101878), an amphoteric rhodamine red fluorescent dye. Texas Red is widely used to study neuronal morphology and as a cell type-selective fluorescent marker for astrocytes, both in vivo and in slice preparations.

5-TAMRA NHS is an amine-reactive fluorescent agent, and its conjugate produces bright, pH-insensitive orange-red fluorescence with good photostability (Ex/Em = 565/580 nm).

6-Carboxy-X-rhodamine, succinimidyl ester (6-ROX, SE) is a fluorescent dye for oligonucleotide labeling and automated DNA sequencing.

Quasar 705 fluorophore is an indocarbocyanine dye. It emits fluorescence in the deep - red region of the visible spectrum. This fluorescence can be effectively quenched by BHQ - 2 or BHQ - 3 dyes. The excitation wavelength of Quasar 705 is 690 nm, and its emission wavelength is 705 nm.

Quassar 670 NHS emits red fluorescence. It has an excitation wavelength of 670 nm and an emission wavelength of 644 nm.

Sulfo-Cyanine5.5 NHS ester is an amine-reactive active ester of a sulfonated far-infrared Cyanine5.5 fluorophore (an analogue of Cy5.5). This reagent is the preferred choice for labeling antibodies, sensitive proteins, and other substances in reactions that require a pure water environment or minimal addition of organic co-solvents. The dye is highly suitable for non-invasive in vivo near-infrared imaging and applications that demand a low fluorescence background.

Cyanine 5.5 NHS is a reactive dye for the labeling of proteins, and antibodies and small molecular compounds.

Sulfo-Cyanine 7 NHS is a CY dye. CY, short for Cyanine, is a compound consisting of two nitrogen atoms connected by an odd number of methyl units. Cyanine compounds have the characteristics of long wavelength, adjustable absorption and emission, high extinction coefficient, good water solubility and relatively simple synthesis[1]. CY dyes are of en used for the labeling of proteins, antibodies and small molecular compounds. For the labeling of protein antibodies, the combination can be completed through a simple mixing reaction. Below, we introduce the labeling method of protein antibody labeling, which has certain reference significance.

Cy5-SE (Cy5 NHS Ester) is a reactive dye for the labeling of amino-groups in peptides, proteins, and oligonucleotides. This dye requires small amount of organic co-solvent (such as DMF or DMSO) to be used in labeling reaction. This reagent is ideal for very cost-efficient labeling of soluble proteins, as well as all kinds of peptides and oligonucleotides. This reagent also works well in organic solvents for small molecule labeling. Excitation (nm):649, Emission (nm): 670.

Sulfo - Cyanine 3 NHS, a water - soluble and amine - reactive compound, can efficiently label proteins and polypeptides in pure aqueous solutions without the need for organic co - solvents. This makes it an ideal option for proteins with low solubility and those prone to denaturation. Moreover, the Sulfo - Cyanine 3 NHS ester can serve as a substitute for Cy3, Alexa Fluor 546, and DyLight 549, offering a practical alternative in various experimental and research settings.

6-JOE NHS is an amine-reactive fluorescent probe and is suitable for postsynthetic labeling of amino-modified oligonucleotides

6 - NED can be employed in multiple applications, including fragment analysis, gene expression studies, genotyping, and PCR techniques. 6 - NED NHS is a highly stable fluorescent probe. It has seen widespread use in the field of labeling amino - modified oligonucleotides, contributing to more accurate and efficient research efforts in relevant biological and genetic studies.

6-HEX NHS is the amine-reactive succinimidyl ester of 6-HEX acid. It has found extensive applications in nucleic acid sequencing and related research fields. This NHS ester belongs to a class of amine-reactive dyes. It is utilized for labeling amine groups in various target molecules, such as proteins, peptides, and amino-modified oligomers.

5-FAM SE is a single isomer, it is one of the most popular green fluorescent reagents used for labeling peptides, proteins and nucleotides.

Fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC) is a derivative of fluorescein used in wide-ranging applications including flow cytometry.

WEE1-IN-10 (compound 77) is a Wee1 kinase inhibitor. WEE1-IN-10 shows inhibitory activity on LOVO cell growth, with an IC50 of 0.524 μM. WEE1-IN-10 can be used for the research of diseases caused by abnormal activity of Wee1.

DL-5-Indolylmethylhydantoin can be used as a substrate for the enzymatic production of L-tryptophan in some specific bacteria.