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Home > RNA Delivery > Cationic/Ionizable Lipids

Cationic/Ionizable Lipids

In the past five years, DC Chemicals has focused on research and development in the RNA delivery field, successfully developing over 500 cationic lipid structures and maintaining an inventory of over 200 cationic lipids. We collaborate with leading gene delivery companies and research institutions worldwide, and our products and services have received widespread acclaim.
DC Chemicals has accumulated substantial experience in the synthesis of lipids, particularly for highly complex lipid molecules. Our unique chemical synthesis and purification processes often circumvent patented and literature-reported routes, allowing us to design new synthetic routes that yield lipid molecules with higher purity than those reported in literature and patents. Our representative molecules, such as LP-01, SM-102, ALC-0315, and DLIN-MC3-DMA, have purities exceeding 98% as tested by CAD-HPLC, placing them among the top purity products available.We have the capability to scale production from grams to kilograms.


Cationic ionizable lipids play a major role in the LNP formulation and its ability to transfect target cells with its cargo. The ionizable lipids are used to complex negatively charged nucleic acid cargo. The mRNA-cationic lipid complex fuses with the cell membrane and is then delivered into the cytosol. To be able to play these roles efficiently, a cationic ionizable lipid must be engineered with a suitable apparent acid dissociation constant (pKa). The apparent pKa of a cationic ionizable lipid is the likely pKa at the LNP surface. Currently, the cationic ionizable lipids in FDA-approved therapeutics all have an apparent pKa between 6-7. This is crucial for the cationic ionizable lipid to maintain a neutral charge while in systemic circulation (pH above the pKa of the lipid, pH ~7.5), as well as its ability to become positively charged in the endosome (pH ~6.5) and facilitate membrane fusion and subsequent cytosolic release.
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Cat. No. Product Name Field of Application Chemical Structure
DC67657 Lipid TS41 Featured
TS41 is a trisulfide-derived ionizable lipid engineered for lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to deliver mRNA therapeutics against multidrug-resistant bacterial pneumonia. Its optimized formulation, TS41S LNP, combines TS41 with helper lipids (e.g., DOPE, cholesterol) at a precise ratio, achieving a hydrodynamic diameter of ~105 nm, low polydispersity, and high mRNA encapsulation efficiency (~84%). This design enables efficient pulmonary delivery via intratracheal administration, with luminescence signals in lungs 4.8-fold higher than clinical benchmarks like SM-102 LNPs, ensuring targeted expression in epithelial cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. Crucially, TS41 LNPs exhibit potent anti-inflammatory properties by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), reducing neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6, TNF-α) in infected lungs. In preclinical models, TS41S LNP encoding PB9 peptibody mRNA eradicated pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, improved survival rates to 80%, and minimized tissue damage without systemic toxicity. Its ROS-scavenging capability synergizes with antibacterial effects, offering a promising, translatable platform for combating resistant infections while controlling inflammation. Future enhancements, such as codon optimization or inhalation delivery, could further broaden its therapeutic potential.
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DC42537 ALC-0315 Featured
ALC-0315 is an ionisable aminolipid that used for mRNA compaction and aids mRNA cellular delivery. ALC-0315 can be used to form lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery vehicles.
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DC60509 4A3-SCC-PH Featured
4A3-SCC-PH is a groundbreaking linker-degradable ionizable lipid (LDIL) that features a glutathione (GSH)-responsive cone-shaped molecular structure. This unique architecture enables superior endosomal escape and rapid mRNA release, making it highly effective for mRNA delivery. In vivo studies have highlighted its exceptional performance, showing a 176-fold increase in mRNA delivery efficiency to the liver compared to DLin-MC3-DMA, a widely used benchmark lipid. Both 4A3-SCC-PH and its structural analog, 4A3-SCC-10, also demonstrated significantly enhanced mRNA delivery efficacy compared to their non-disulfide-containing parent compounds and disulfide-containing controls with modified lipid tails.
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DC49257 DLin-K-C3-DMA Featured
DLin-KC3-DMA, a nucleic acid, shows in vivo silencing activity. DLin-K-C3-DMA can be used in the synthesis of nucleic acid-lipid particle to delivery of nucleic acid.
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DC57002 LIPID C24 Featured
C24 is a novel multiprotic ionizable lipid. C24 lipid nanoparticle (LNP) has a multistage protonation behavior resulting in greater endosomal protonation and greater translation compared to the standard reference MC3 LNP. C24 LNP also lower injection site inflammation and higher stability compared to MC3 LNP.
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DC81110 Lipid 202 (L202) Featured
L202 is an ionizable lipid designed for mRNA vaccines, featuring a pH-responsive N-methylpiperidine head and a unique branched-tail structure with ester linkages to enable biodegradability. With a pKa of ~6.04–6.29, it facilitates efficient endosomal escape while maintaining stability in physiological conditions. Formulated into lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) of ~103 nm (PDI 0.08), L202 achieves >97% mRNA encapsulation efficiency. Its optimized structure drives robust immunogenicity: in mice, a single 0.1–10 μg dose induced dose-dependent SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG titers, outperforming MC3-based LNPs and protein-alum vaccines. L202-LNPs elicited balanced Th1/Th2 responses (IgG2a/IgG1 ratio) and potent germinal center B cell activation, critical for durable immunity. Lyophilization with 16% sucrose preserved mRNA integrity and immunogenicity after 1-month storage at 5°C or 25°C, addressing cold-chain limitations. In nonhuman primates, two 100-μg doses generated neutralizing antibody titers exceeding convalescent human sera, with broad efficacy against Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants. Rapid tissue clearance (72 hours post-injection) and minimal hepatic accumulation, attributed to ester hydrolysis, enhanced safety profiles. Additionally, L202-LNPs functioned as intrinsic adjuvants, amplifying protein vaccine responses. Combined with its lyophilization compatibility, potent cross-variant immunity, and favorable pharmacokinetics, L202 represents a promising platform for next-generation mRNA vaccines.
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DC60575 U-101 Featured
U-101 is an ionizable lipid for mRNA delivery. U101-LNP/IL-2F mRNA formulation demonstrats effective antitumor activity and safety.LNPs containing lipid U 101 and encapsulating mRNA encoding a fusion protein composed of IL-2, a linker, and CD25 inhibit tumor growth in an MC-38 mouse xenograft model.
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DC60632 tg6a
TG6A is a biodegradable and ionizable glycerolipid for cmRNA delivery. TG6A-LNP exhibits above 9-fold and 41-fold higher EGFP protein expression in MSCs than DLin-MC3-DMA-LNP and ALC-0315-LNP, respectively.
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DC85600 S14
DC60488 CL1H6
CL1H6 is an ionizable lipid designed for advanced nucleic acid delivery, and its lipid nanoparticle formulation, CL1H6-LNP, demonstrates exceptional efficiency in delivering both siRNA and mRNA into NK-92 cells. This innovative system enables precise and effective intracellular delivery, making it a valuable tool for enhancing therapeutic and research applications in natural killer cell biology.
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DC60482 DIM7S
DIM7S is a sugar-alcohol-derived ionizable lipid with mannitol as the precursor. DIM7S LNP is 10-fold, 30-fold, 20-fold, 4-fold and 3-fold superior in mRNA delivery than Lipo 3K, Electro, ALC-0315, MC3 and SM-102, respectively. DIM7S LNP enables effective CD40 mRNA delivery into human peripheral blood monocyte-derived DCs without obvious cytotoxicity.
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DC85555 2-Octyldecyl 6-[[4-(decyloxy)-4-oxobutyl](2- hydroxyethyl)amino]hexanoate Featured
YK-009 is a novel ionizable lipid for mRNA delivery. Comparisons of YK009-LNP-mRNA and commercial MC3-LNP-mRNA showed that YK009-LNP-mRNA vaccines had good biodistribution patterns, favorable tissue clearance, and high delivery efficiency. Furthermore, our study proved that YK009-LNP-Omicron mRNA could trigger a robust immune response and immune protection against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.
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DC67534 ATX-100
ATX-100 is a novel ionizable lipid used in the formulation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for the delivery of RNA developed by Arcturus.
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DC60860 ​​L829
​​L829​​ is a ​​novel ionizable cationic lipid​​ specifically engineered for ​​targeted lipid nanoparticles (tLNPs)​​ that enables efficient in vivo delivery of mRNA payloads to ​​CD8+ T cells​​. Designed to overcome limitations of conventional LNPs, L829 significantly ​​reduces off-target delivery to the liver​​ and exhibits ​​rapid clearance​​ compared to benchmark lipids like ALC-0315, while demonstrating ​​enhanced biodegradability and tolerability​​ in rodent and primate models. When incorporated into CD8-targeted tLNPs, L829 enables ​​preferential transfection of CD8+ T cells​​ over other immune subsets, facilitating the generation of functional ​​anti-CD19 or anti-CD20 CAR T cells directly *in vivo​​*. These tLNP-engineered CAR T cells mediate ​​rapid, deep B-cell depletion​​ in humanized mice and cynomolgus monkeys, with repopulating B cells exhibiting a naïve phenotype suggestive of immune reset. By eliminating the need for ex vivo manufacturing or lymphodepleting chemotherapy, the L829-tLNP platform represents a ​​safer, scalable approach​​ for accessible CAR T therapy in oncology and autoimmune diseases.
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DC60213 DOTMA Featured
N-[1-(2,3-Dioleyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium (DOTMA) is a cationic lipid.It has been used as a component in liposomes that can be used to encapsulate siRNA, microRNAs, and oligonucleotides and for gene transfection in vitro.
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DC60825 11-10-8 Featured
11-10-8 is an ionizable cationic lipid (pKa = 6.22) that has been used in the generation of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for mRNA delivery in vivo.1 LNPs containing 11-10-8 and encapsulating mRNA encoding the Cas9 nuclease and small-guide RNA (sgRNA) targeting transthyretin (TTR), a thyroid hormone carrier protein, decrease serum levels of TTR in mice. LNPs containing 11-10-8 and encapsulating mRNA encoding human fibroblast growth factor 21 (hFGF21) increase serum levels of hFGF21, decrease body and liver weights, and reduce the liver steatosis score in a mouse model of obesity induced by a high-fat diet.
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DC71034 EDMPC
EDMPC, a cationic lipid, has an enhanced ability to deliver DNA to pulmonary tissues. EDMPC mediates intralobar DNA delivery to rodents.
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DC70989 14:0 DAP
14:0 DAP (1,2-dimyristoyl-3-dimethylammonium-propane ) is a cationic lipid that can be used for drug delivery.
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DC71699 DOIC
DOIC is a cationic lipid that can be used for RNA vaccines.
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DC71129 Transfectam
Transfectam is a cationic lipid able to interact with DNA to form complexes that mediate efficient gene transfer into various eukaryotic cells.
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DC81075 CSL3
DC60433 DOBAQ
DOBAQ, N-(4-carboxybenzyl)-N,N-dimethyl-2,3-bis(oleoyloxy)propan-1-aminium, is a cationic lipids with a quaternary amine and unsaturated hydrocarbon chains. DOBAQ also serves as a pH-sensitive transfection reagent. Reagent grade, for research use only.
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DC60492 244cis
DC66288 DOSPA
DOSPA is a cationicliposome. DOSPA can formulate with DNA to be a transfection system. DOSPA can be used for gene therapy research.
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DC48291 ATX-002
ATX-002 is a property-tunable lipid for RNA drug delivery.
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DC67322 GL67 pentahydrochloride
GL67 (N4-Spermine cholesteryl carbamate) in its pentahydrochloride form is a cationic lipid with versatile applications in the delivery of nucleic acid agents, vaccines, and gene transfection, owing to its efficient encapsulation and transport capabilities.GL67 (N4-Spermine cholesteryl carbamate) in its pentahydrochloride form is a cationic lipid with versatile applications in the delivery of nucleic acid agents, vaccines, and gene transfection, owing to its efficient encapsulation and transport capabilities.
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DC60431 DODAC
Dioleyldimethylammonium chloride (DODAC) is a cationic lipid that can be used as transfection reagent.
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DC66651 CP-LC-0743
Lipid CP-LC-0743 is an ionizable cationic amino lipid derived from homocysteine, a naturally occurring amino acid. This lipid has demonstrated an efficient delivery and high protein expression of different kinds of RNA (mRNA, cRNA and saRNA) in vivo, with no signs of toxicity.
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DC67476 CAP 2 (hydrochloride)
CAP 2 is a unique ionizable lipid featuring a bicholesterol structure connected by a phosphate linker with an amino terminus. This design enables efficient in vivo delivery of both mRNA and saRNA via LNPs. In a Dmc1-deficient mouse model of male infertility, saRNA-encoded Dmc1 delivered by CAP 2 LNPs demonstrated prolonged protein expression in testicular tissue compared to mRNA formulations. The treatment restored spermatogenesis, improving germ cell maturation, seminiferous tubule morphology, and ultimately yielding functional sperm capable of fertilization.
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DC65621 1,2(R)-Dioleyloxy-3-dimethylamino-propane
1,2(R)-Dioleyloxy-3-dimethylamino-propane ((R)-DODMA) is an ionizable cationic lipid and an isomer of DODMA
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