8-Hydroxy-7-methoxycoumarin is a phenylpropanoid isolated from the calyxes of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.) Makino.

α-Farnesene is classified as a sesquiterpene, and is a herbivore-induced plant volatile (HIPV). α-Farnesene has an important effect on insect resistance in many plant species.

(E)-Ferulic acid methyl ester (Methyl (E)-ferulate) exhibits strong DPPH and ABTS+ radical scavenging activities.

Anemarrhenasaponin III is a steroidal saponin isolated from the rhizome of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge (Liliaceae).

(Rac)-Arnebin 1 ((Rac)-β,β-Dimethylacrylalkannin) is the racemate of β,β-Dimethylacrylalkannin and/or β,β-Dimethylacrylshikonin. β,β-Dimethylacrylalkannin and β,β-Dimethylacrylshikonin are napthoquinones isolated from Arnebia nobilis. β,β-Dimethylacrylshikonin has anti-tumor activity.

2-Methylcyclopentane-1,3-dione is a key intermediate for the total synthesis of steroids.

2-Methylpyrazine is a kind of alkylpyrazine that can be identified in roasted red pepper seed oils.

(2R)-3α,7,4'-Trihydroxy-5-methoxy-8-prenylflavanone is isolated from the roots of Sophora flavescens.

(2′S)-4′-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranosylvisamminol is a chromone Glycoside that could be isolated from Roots of Saposhnikovia divaricate. (2′S)-4′-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranosylvisamminol exhibits weak anti-cancer activity in human cancer cell lines.

Siegesmethyletheric acid is isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Siegesbeckia orientalis L. (Asteraceae).

6α-Chloro-5β-hydroxywithaferin A is a withanolide that can be isolated from W. somnifera. W. somnifera has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anticarcinogenic, antibacterial antiparkinsonism and antistress properties.

Pinobanksin 3-acetate is a one of Pinobanksin ester derivatives that can be isolated from Sonoran propolis.

Hyponine E, a macrocyclic sesquiterpene pyridine alkaloid that could be isolated from from Tripterygium hypoglaucum, possesses anti-inflammatory effects.

Anhydrovinblastine is a monoterpenoid indole alkaloid that can be isolated from Catharanthus roseus leaves.

Glucodigifucoside, a cardenolide glycoside that could be isolated from the seeds of Digitalis purpurea, exhibits potent cytotoxicity against human renal adenocarcinoma cell line ACHN.

Ergosterol peroxide is a steroid derivative and can be isolated from a variety of fungi, yeast, lichens or sponges. Ergosterol peroxide has anti-tumour, proapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-mycobacterial, and anti-proliferative activities.

Hyponine D is an immunosuppressive sesquiterpene alkaloid that could be isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii.

3,3'-Di-O-methylellagic acid-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside is a ellagic acid derivative that can be isolated from Dipentodon sinicus.

Ophiopogonside A, a natural conpound that could be isolated from ophiopogon japonicas, possesses anti-cancer activity.

Vaccarin E is a natural C-glycosylflavone that could be isolated from V. hispanica.

Resibufagin is a kind of bufadienolide isolated from the venom of Bufo bufo gargarizans, has anti-tumor activities.

Methylophiopogonone B, a homoisoflavonoidal compound that could be isolated from Ophiopogonis Tiber, could scavenge •OH and H2O2 in vitro to a certain extent.

α-L-Rhamnose is a terminal residue of steviol glycosides Dulcoside A and Dulcoside B. α-L-Rhamnose recognizing lectin site of human dermal fibroblasts functions as a signal transducer: modulation of Ca2+ fluxes and gene expression.

Cyclic nona-L-arginine hydrochloride, a nonaarginine peptide used for drug delivery, translocates faster than their linear counterparts.

Cyclic nona-L-arginine TFA, a nonaarginine peptide used for drug delivery, translocates faster than their linear counterparts.

Physalin L inhibits LPS-induced NO production in macrophages with the average inhibitory rate of 70.97%. Anti-inflammatory activity.

Isomaculosidine is an alkaloid that can be isolated from D. dasycarpus. Isomaculosidine can inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells.

IKKγ NBD Inhibitory Peptide is a NEMO-binding domain peptide (NBD peptide) corresponding to the NEMO amino-terminal alpha-helical region, which is shown to block TNF-alpha-induced NF-kB activation.

RFRP-1(human) is a potent endogenous NPFF receptor agonist (EC50 values are 0.0011 and 29 nM for NPFF2 and NPFF1, respectively). Attenuates contractile function of isolated rat and rabbit cardiac myocytes. Reduces heart rate, stroke volume, ejection fraction and cardiac output, and increases plasma prolactin levels in rats.

Neuropeptide S(Mouse) is a potent endogenous neuropeptide S receptor (NPSR) agonist (EC50=3 nM). Neuropeptide S(Mouse) induces mobilization of intracellular Ca2+. Neuropeptide S(Mouse) increases locomotor activity and wakefulness in mice. Neuropeptide S(Mouse) also reduces anxiety-like behavior in mice.