Schisantherin D is a dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan isolated from the fruit of Schisandra sphenanthera. Schisantherin D shows anti-HIV replication activities with an EC50 of 0.5 μg/mL. Schisantherin D inhibits endothelin receptor B (ETBR) and has hepatoprotective effects.

2-Hydroxycinnamic acid is isolated from the methanol extract of Cinnamomum cassia. 2-Hydroxycinnamic acid shows inhibitory effects on infection of HIV/SARS-CoV S pseudovirus with an IC50 of 1.8 mM

Peritassine A, an alkaloid that could be isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f., possesses anti-HIV activity.

PKF050-638 is a potent and selective inhibitor of HIV-1 Rev (IC50=0.04 μM). PKF050-638 inhibits the CRM1-mediated Rev nuclear export by disrupting CRM1-NES interaction.

Cys-TAT(47-57) (Cys-[HIV-Tat (47-57)]) is an arginine rich cell penetrating peptide derived from the HIV-1 transactivating protein.

AZ506 is a potent SMYD2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 17 nM. AZ506 inhibits SMYD2 methyltransferase activity in cells, leading to a decrease in the SMYD2-mediated methylation signal.

Moracin O is a 2-arylbenzofuran isolated from the Mori Cortex Radicis. Moracin O exhibits potent in vitro inhibitory activity against hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1). Moracin O reduces oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moracin O has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.

TM6089 is a unique Prolyl Hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitor which stimulates HIF activity without iron chelation and induces angiogenesis and exerts organ protection against ischemia. Local administration of TM6089 enhances angiogenesis, and oral administration stimulates HIF activity in transgenic rats expressing a hypoxia-responsive reporter vector.

Aminohexylgeldanamycin (AHGDM) hydrochloride, a Geldanamycin derivative, is a potent HSP90 inhibitor. Aminohexylgeldanamycin hydrochloride shows antiangiogenic and antitumor activities.

2'-O-Methylcytidine is a 2'-substituted nucleoside as a inhibitor of HCV replication. 2'-O-Methylcytidine inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (NS5B)-catalyzed RNA synthesis in vitro, in a manner that is competitive with substrate nucleoside triphosphate.

Guanylate cyclase-IN-1 (Example 46) is a guanylate cyclase inhibitor that can be used for cardiovascular diseases research.

Ac-hMCH(6-16)-NH2 binds to and activates equally well both human MCH receptors present in the brain (non-selective agonist), with IC50 values of 0.16 nM and 2.7 nM for MCH-1R and MCH-2R.

Tangshenoside I, isolated from the roots of Codonopsis lanceolata, exhibits weak α-glucosidase inhibitory activities in vitro with an IC50 of 1.4 mM.

Prednisone acetate (Betapar, Cortan, Deltasone, Fernisone, Meticorten, Prednisone 21-acetate) is a glucocorticoid steroid that can be used as a glucocorticoid receptor agonist with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties.,glucocorticoid receptor [1]()

K-(D-1-Nal)-FwLL-NH2 is a high affinity and potent ghrelin receptor inverse agonist (Ki values are 4.9 and 31 nM in COS7 and HEK293T cells, respectively). K-(D-1-Nal)-FwLL-NH2 blocks ghrelin receptor-mediated Gq- and G13-dependent signaling pathways.

Lesogaberan (AZD-3355) napadisylate is a potent and selective GABAB receptor agonist with an EC50 of 8.6 nM for human recombinant GABAB receptors. Binding affinity (Kis) of 5.1 nM and 1.4 μM for rat brain GABAB and GABAA receptors, respectively.

GABAA receptor agent 2 TFA is a potent and high-affinity GABAA receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 24 nM (human α1β2γ2 GABAA-expressing tsA201 cells) and a Ki of 28 nM (rat GABAA receptors). GABAA receptor agent 2 TFA is inactive against four human GABA transporters (hGAT-1, hBGT-1, hGAT-2, and hGAT-3).

Chloro-7-deazapurine-β-D-riboside is a nucleoside derivative and has antifungal activity.

2'-Deoxy-5'-O-DMT-2'-fluorouridine, a nucleoside analogue, is a 5’-O-DMTr-5-FUDR derivative with potent anti-yellow fever (YFV) activity.

Megestrol, a synthetic progestin, is approved for the treatment of anorexia, cachexia, or an unexplained significant weight loss in patients with an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome diagnosis. Megestrol acetate (Megace) is one of the first progestational agents to be evaluated for use in the hormonal therapy of advanced breast cancer.

Golgicide A-2 (GCA-2), a Golgicide A (GCA) derivative, is the most active enantiomer of GCA. Golgicide A-2 displays high selectivity and efficiency in killing An. stephensi larvae and can be used for the research of dengue virus spread.

Alkaline phosphatase is a membrane-bound glycoprotein that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphate monoesters at basic pH values. Alkaline phosphatase can be used for molecular biology and enzyme immunoassay.

Taurohyodeoxycholic acid is the tauroconjugated form of Hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA, a dihydroxylated natural bile acid). Taurohyodeoxycholic acid induces a biliary phospholipid secretion and suggests a hepatoprotective potential. Taurohyodeoxycholic acid also can promote gallstone dissolution.

Myristelaidic acid (trans-9-Tetradecenoic acid), a 14-carbon trans fatty acid, is the trans isomer of Myristoleic acid. Myristelaidic acid is found in most animal fats.

3,5-Dimethylbenzaldehyde is a building block in the chemical synthesis.

Sodium 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate is a precursor of pantothenic acid in Escherichia coli.

Lysophosphatidylcholine 18:2 (1-Linoleoyl-2-Hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-PC), a lysophospholipid, is a potential biomarker identified from insulin resistance (IR) polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Low plasma Lysophosphatidylcholine 18:2 also has been shown to predict impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, coronary artery disease, and memory impairment.

OMDM-2 is a potent, selective and metabolically stable inhibitor of anandamide cellular uptake (ACU), with a Ki of 3.0 μM.

OMDM-1 is a potent, selective and metabolically stable inhibitor of anandamide cellular uptake (ACU), with a Ki of 2.4 μM.

Orotidine, a nucleotide, is an intermediate in pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis in RNA and DNA. Orotidine is mainly found in bacteria, fungi and plants.