L-allo-Isoleucine may be used in studies on maple syrup urine disease (MSUD). In patients with classical MSUD (n = 7), alloisoleucine was beyond the cutoff value in 2451 of 2453 unselected samples. In patients with variant MSUD (n = 9), alloisoleucine was >5 micromol/L in all samples taken for establishment of diagnosis and in 94% of the samples taken for treatment control (n = 624). With the other branched-chain amino acids, the frequency of diagnostically significant increases was <45%. The plasma L-alloisoleucine above the cutoff value of 5 micromol/L is the most specific and most sensitive diagnostic marker for all forms of MSUD.

Isoloratadine is a Loratadine impurity. An isomer of Loratadine used for preparation of tricyclic amides and ureas useful for inhibition of G-protein function and for treatment of proliferative diseases.

4-Chloroloratadine is an impurity of Loratadine.

Malaoxon, also known as Malathion impurity B, is an insecticide.

Betamethasone sodium phosphate is a Betamethasone derivative. It is a glucocorticoid steroid with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties which can be used in treatment of asthma and itching.

Penicillin G benzathine anhydrous is a semisynthetic antibiotic prepared by combining the sodium salt of penicillin G with N,N'-dibenzylethylenediamine.

Lead salicylate is a combustion chemical.

Lead phthalocyanine is a selective carrier for preparation of a cysteine-selective electrode.

Pantethine is a derivative of vitamin B5.

Erythrosine sodium (close form) is a tetraiodofluorescein used as a red coloring in some foods (cherries, fish), as a disclosure of DENTAL PLAQUE, and as a stain of some cell types. It has structural similarity to THYROXINE.

Laudanosine is a recognized metabolite of atracurium and cisatracurium. Laudanosine decreases the seizure threshold, and thus it can induce seizures if present at sufficient threshold concentrations; however such concentrations are unlikely to be produced consequent to chemodegradable metabolism of clinically administered doses of cisatracurium or atracurium.

Alachlor is a herbicide and pesticide.

Methomyl is a carbamate insecticide with anticholinesterase activity.

Digoxigenin is a cardenolide which is the aglycon of digoxin. Can be obtained by hydrolysis of digoxin or from Digitalis orientalis L. and Digitalis lanata Ehrh.

Lamivudine sulfoxide, (R)- is a metabolite of Lamivudine; a potent nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and antiviral agent. Lamivudine has been used for treatment of chronic hepatitis B.

Carbetamide is a mitosis inhibitor.

Efavirenz, (R)- is a nonnucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Efavirenz, (R)- is an antiviral.

Ureidovaline is an intermediate in the synthesis of Ritonavir.

Neotame is a white colored, dipeptide methyl ester, which is found to be a highly potent and non-nutritive sweetener or flavour enhancer and hence finds applications in variety of foods. It is manufactured from aspartame and 3,3-dimethylbutyraldehyde in a one-step chemical synthesis process.

L-NIL HCl is a relatively selective inhibitor of iNOS. It exhibits IC50 values of 0.4-3.3 μM for iNOS as opposed to 8-38 and 17-92 μM for eNOS and nNOS, respectively. L-NIL effectively inhibits iNOS both in vitro and in vivo.4,5,3 L-NIL has been used to demonstrate a critical role for iNOS in the immune response to infection by the protozoan L. major.

546C88 is a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor.

Pralmorelin (free base) stimulates growth hormone secretion.

Homoarginine is an amino acid.

L-Galactose was shown to be a key intermediate in the molecular pathway of converting D-glucose to oxalic acid in Pistia stratiotes.

L-Dithiothreitol is a chiral bidentate dithiol with two stereogenic centers, may be used in chiroptical response research. L-DDT is proposed as a stereoselective reducing agent for disulfide bridges in complex molecules.

Hydroorotic acid is a derivative of orotic acid which serves as an intermediate in pyrimidine biosynthesis.

D-Epinephrine is a hormone, neurotransmitter, and medication. Epinephrine is normally produced by both the adrenal glands and certain neurons. It plays an important role in the fight-or-flight response by increasing blood flow to muscles, output of the heart, pupil dilation, and blood sugar. It does this by binding to alpha and beta receptors.

JWH 198 is a synthetic cannabinoid (CB) which binds the central CB1 receptor with high affinity (Ki = 10 nM). This aminoalkylindole shares structural features with the antinociceptive CB1 agonists pravadoline and WIN 55,212-2.1 The physiological and toxicological properties of this compound have not been investigated. This product is intended for research and forensic applications.

JWH-016 is a cannabimimetic indole that potently activates both cannabinoid (CB) receptors, with Ki values of 22.0 and 4.29 nM for CB1 and CB2, respectively. The biological and toxicological properties of this compound have not been reported.

Ioxynil is a herbicide. Ioxynil is a plant protection active substance and a chemical compound from the group of substituted phenols, nitriles and organic iodine compounds .