Ponceau S (Acid Red 112) is the most commonly used stain for immunoblotting protocols. Ponceau S dye is applied as an acidic aqueous solution, and the proteins on the membrane are stained with red color.

Oil red O (ORO) is a commonly used dye for the tissue staining, which recognizes nitroglycerin and cholesterol esters. Oil red O can be fluorescently lighted up upon meeting dsDNA with emission peak localized at 600 nm, although it almost does not fluores

PNPP (p-nitrophenyl phosphonate) is a substrate for alkaline and acid phosphatases used in enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and conventional spectrophotometric assays.

1,3-Diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) is a fluorescent probe which possesses a highly specific reactivity towards singlet oxygen (1O2) forming an endoperoxide which decomposes to give 1,2-dibenzoylbenzene. 1,3-Diphenylisobenzofuran can detect the generation of

NEP (VDP-green (NEP)) is a turn-on fluorescent probe based on the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism for sensing vicinal dithiol-containing proteins (VDPs). NEP is exhibits high selectivity toward VDPs in live cells and in vivo and displays a

EtS-DMAB (HClO-green) is a fluorescent probe, which can selectively detect hypochlorous acid (HOCl) (λex=440 nm, λem=610 nm). EtS-DMAB is applied to image exogenous and endogenous HOCl in live cells.

Fast-TRFS is a selective and superfast fluorogenic probe of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). Fast-TRFS can be used for imaging TrxR activity in live cells.

BODIPY-TS (Thiol-green 2) is a fast response and thiol-specific turn-on probe. BODIPY-TS utilizes the thiosulfonate scaffold as a thiol recognition unit. BODIPY-TS has low toxicity, and features high selectivity, low detection limit, and quantitative reac

EDANS (1,5-EDANS) is a novel and quenched fluorogenic substrate for assaying retroviral protease by resonance energy transfer (RET).

Acrylodan, reacted with thiols, is sensitive to the local environmental dipolarity and dynamics within the binding pocket surrounding Cys34.

Sel-green, a selective selenol fluorescent probe, is applied to quantify the Sec content in the selenoenzyme thioredoxin reductase and image endogenous Sec in live HepG2 cells.

Mito-TRFS, the first off-on probe, is used to image the mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase (TrxR2) in live cells.

Seph-PAO is the modified PAO attached a sepharose fluorophore and is used to detect the thioredoxin reductase (TrxR).

13,21-Dihydroeurycomanone, a natural compound isolated from Eurycoma longifolia root, possesses anti-parasite activity for Plasmodium falciparum and Toxoplasma gondii.

Cyanidin 3-sambubioside chloride (Cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside chloride), a major anthocyanin, a natural colorant, and is a potent NO inhibitor. Cyanidin 3-sambubioside chloride is a H274Y mutation inhibitor, and inhibits influenza neuraminidase activity wit

2'-Deoxy-2'-fluorocytidine, an nucleoside analog, is a potent inhibitor of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) replication. 2′-deoxy-2′-fluorocytidine can act synergistically with T705 to increase the potency of both compounds antiviral effects

Antifungal agent 6 is an antifungal agent.

Neocnidilide is an alkylphthalide, which has the activity of inhibiting the growth of mycotoxin-producing fungi. Neocnidilide also has larvicidal activity against D. melanogaster with a LC50 value of 9.9 μmol/mL.

3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol is an volatile organic compound with anti-biofilm and antifungal activities. 3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol induces accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Tunicamycin V (Tunicamycin A) is a nucleoside natural product that inhibits bacterial phospho-N-acetylmuramyl-pentapeptide transferase (MraY) with an IC50 of 0.35 μM. Tunicamycin V has antibacterial activties.

Diethyl butylmalonate exhibits toxicity to T. pyriformis, with a log(IGC50-1) of 0.557.

Hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (6,10,14-Trimethyl-2-pentadecanone), a sesquiterpene isolated from Launaea mucronata, is the major constituents of the essential oil. Hexahydrofarnesyl acetone has antibacterial, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammation activities.

8-Br-GTP, a GTP analog, is a competitive FtsZ polymerization and GTPase activity (Ki of 31.8 μM) inhibitor. 8-Br-GTP can be used for nucleic acid modification.

Penicillin G Procaine (PGP, Penicillin G Procaine, Bicillin C-R), a crystalline complex combining penicillin G with procaine, is a β-lactam antibiotic.

Cefpiramide (Cefpiramide acid, Cefpiramido, Cefpiramidum, WY-44635, SM-1652) is a pseudomonas-active cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity.

Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide), a widely used drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes, activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in hepatocytes. Metformin promotes mitophagy in mononuclear cells. Metformin induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells throu

3-Hydroxy-2-methylpyridine, isolated from alkaline extracts of cocoa, is used in the synthesis of pyrimidine.

Urapidil is an antihypertensive drug acting as an α1 adrenoreceptor antagonist and a 5-HT1A agonist.

Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent, Sch 1000) monohydrate is an antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) with IC50 of 2.9 nM, 2.0 nM, and 1.7 nM for M1, M2, and M3 receptors, respectively.

Tirucallol, a tetracyclic triterpene, is isolated from Euphorbia lacteal latex. Tirucallol has topical anti-inflammatory effect. Tirucallol can suppress ear edema in the mouse model and inhibit nitrite production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophag