Leusin-1 (Leukemia specific inhibitor 1) is a cell cycle phase specific inhibitor that specifically arrest leukemia cells during G2-phase and triggers an apoptotic cell death (CCRF-CEM IC50= 2.66 uM and TOM1 IC50= 0.877 uM).Leusin-1 showed specificity towards acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells than other types of leukemias, non-bloodborne cancers, or normal cells.Leusin-1 also arrested cells with lower levels of p-H3 (present only in M-phase) and increased levels of Cyclin A (levels peak in G2-phase).Leusin-1 does not target tubulin, Leusin-1 inhibited colony formation similar to Taxol.

LDN192960 (LDN 192960) is a highly potent and selective DYRK2 inhibitor with IC50 of 13 nM toward DYRK2 at 50 uM ATP.LDN192960 suppresses Thr25 RPT3 phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner in HEK293T cells transiently overexpressing DYRK2-FLAG, with maximal effects at 1-10 uM.LDN192960 does not inhibit any of the 130+ kinases including other CMGC kinase family members that are closely related to the DYRKs.LDN192960 binds to the ATP-binding pocket of DYRK2, also potently inhibits DYRK1A, DYRK3 and Pim with IC50 of <3, 122 and 10 nM, respectively.LDN192960 perturbs proteasome activity, induces cell death, and impedes proliferation and invasion on MDA-MB-468 cells.LDN192960 impedes MM progression and delays myeloma-mediated bone degeneration.LDN192960 induces cytotoxicity in bortezomib-resistant MM, both in cells and in vivo. significantly alleviates tumor burden in standard and PDX TNBC models.

LCC03 is a salicylanilide derivative and autophagy inducer, dose-dependently suppresses proliferation and retarded cell-cycle progression in CRPC cells (IC50, 0.69 to 4.8 uM).The classical autophagy features, including autophagosome formation and LC3-II conversion, were dramatically shown in LCC03-treated CRPC cells, which was associated with the suppressed AKT/mTOR signaling pathways, a major negative regulator of autophagy.LCC03 also showed an expanded morphology of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), increased expression of the ER stress markers GRP78 and PERK, and eIF2α phosphorylation.The PERK-eIF2α pathway contributed to the LCC03-induced autophagy.LCC03 suppressed the growth of CRPC xenografts in mouse bone without systemic toxicity in tumor-bearing mice.

Lazucirnon (KST4290, ALK4290) is a small molecule, orally active inhibitor against CCR3, the natural receptor for chemokine eotaxin, decreases inflammatory cytokines in preclinical models.Lazucirnon (KST4290, ALK4290) blocks eotaxin from binding to its G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) CCR3.CCR3 plays an important modulatory role in inflammation, immune cell recruitment, and neovascularization, processes important for the pathogenesis of wet age-related macular degeneration (wet AMD) and other neurological and immunological diseases.

LAS194046 (LAS-194046) is a potent, selective pan-JAK inhibitor with IC50 of 5.46/0.4/ 2.07 nM against JAK1/2/3, less potent in TYK2 activity (IC50=21.8 nM).LAS194046 is effective at blocking cytokine signaling depending on JAK1/JAK3, both in lymphocytes and monocytes, and JAK2/JAK2 in monocytes with IC50 of 16 nM, 26 nM and 37 nM, respectively.LAS194046 reduces allergen-induced airway inflammation, late asthmatic response, and phosphor-STAT activation in the rat OVA model.

Lapcin is a potent dual topoisomerase I/II inhibitor with nM to pM IC50s against diverse cancer cell lines (Colon cancer HT29 cell IC50=0.516 nM); Lapcin showed weak activity against DNA gyrase (IC50>20.5 uM). While only weakly active against DNA gyrase, lapcin was a potent of inhibitor of both DNA relaxation by topoisomerase I (IC50=2.17 uM) and DNA decatenation by topoisomerase II (IC50=7.53uM), 14 times more potent than the alkaloid camptothecin. Lapcin was more potent than the topoisomerase II inhibitor etoposide against all of the cell lines we tested, with the exception of the lung cancer cell NCI-H226, against which it was essentially equipotent. Cell lines expressing wild-type p53 (HCT116, H226, MCF7) tended to show higher IC50s than p53 reduced cell lines (NCI-H1299, HT29, Colo205, Hela).

KYT-36 is a potent, selective, and bioavailable inhibitor of P. gingivalis virulence factor gingipain K (Kgp, lysine-gingipain), potently and selectively inhibits Kgp with Ki of 0.27 nM, respectively.KYT-36 consists of benzyloxycarbonyl (BOC), L-glutaminyl (GLN), methylphenylamino (MPA), L-lysinyl (LYS), and benzylcarbamoyl (BCA) moieties.KYT-36 strongly inhibited degradation of host proteins in culture supernatants and abolished thriving of P. gingivalis in cell cultures and in periodontal pockets in vivo.KYT-36 prevented Kgp-triggered vascular permeability in guinea pigs, i.e. demonstrating its efficacy against bacterial virulence in vivo, with no toxicity effects.

KYT-1 is a potent, selective inhibitor of P. gingivalis virulence factor Arg-gingipain (Rgp) with Ki 40 nM (RgpA/B).KYT-1 showed significant inhibitory effects on SMC proliferation stimulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis.

KY19334 is a specific small molecule inhibitor of CXXC5-Dishevelled (Dvl) protein-protein interaction (PPI), restores the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling.KY19334 reverses obesity‐related metabolic diseases with adult tissue remodelling.Oral administration of KY19334 (25 mg/kg) suppressed fasting glucose levels improves obesity‐related insulin resistance with long‐lasting effect in HFD‐fed mice.KY19334 treatment improves hepatic glucose homeostasis. KY19334 enhances energy expenditure by increasing the thermogenic activity of beige‐fat tissues.KY19334 treatment restores β‐cell mass and functions in HFD‐fed and STZ‐induced diabetes mellitus (DM) mice.

Kv2.1-syntaxin inhibitor 15 (Kv2.1-syntaxin-IN-15, Cpd5) is a small molecule Kv2.1-syntaxin-binding inhibitor (IC50=5.5 uM) with neuroprotective properties.Kv2.1-syntaxin inhibitor 15 competitively binds syntaxin against C1aB-containing Kv2.1 peptides with IC50 of 5.5 uM.Kv2.1-syntaxin inhibitor 15 (10 uM) significantly diminished threo-β-benzyloxyaspartate (TBOA, 75 uM)-induced toxicity neuronal cultures, ameliorated significant cellular damage, by preventing the expression of enhanced Kv2.1-mediated K+ currents.Kv2.1-syntaxin inhibitor 15 is a first-in-class inhibitor of Kv2.1 binding to Syntaxin, likely due to inhibition of the C1a region of Kv2.1 binding to syntaxin.Cpd5 (10 μM) does not affect evoked AMPAR EPSCs in layer 2/3 corticocallosal neurons in the mouse auditory cortex.

KUSC-5037 (KUSC5037) is a novel effective HIF-1 inhibitor with IC50 of 1.2 uM against HIF-1 transcriptional activity.KUSC-5037 suppressed the HIF-1α (a regulatory subunit of HIF-1) mRNA, causing decreases in the gene expression of HIF-1 target genes such as carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) genes.KUSC-5037 directly targets ATP5B protein, a catalytic β subunit of mitochondrial FoF1-ATP synthase.

KUNB 31 is a potent, isoform-selective Hsp90β inhibitor with Kd of 0.18 uM, displays 50-fold selectivity over Hsp90α and Grp94; exhibits anti-proliferative activity against NCI H23, UC3, and HT-29 cancer cell lines with IC50 of 6.74 µM, 3.01 µM, and 3.72 µM, respectively; specificly induces the degradation of Hsp90β-dependent client proteins (EGFR, HER2, CDK4, CDK6, CXCR4 etc.) in cells.

K-tetracosapeptide (K-TC) is a peptide of 24 amino acids corresponding to the helix a5 in KRAS4B, potent inhibitor of KARATE (KRAS4B-RHOA-mTORC2 Ensemble), specifically targets the KRAS4B-RHOA interaction.

KRpep-2d (Ac-RRCPLYISYDPVCRR-NH2) is a potent, selective, cell-membrane permeable, cyclic peptide inhibitor of K-Ras(G12D) with IC50 of 1.6 nM, >10-fold selectivity over WT and G12C KRas; KRpep-2d significantly suppressed ERK-phosphorylation, downstream of K-Ras(G12D), along with A427 cancer cell proliferation at 30 μM peptide concentration.

K-Ras G12D inhibitor KS-58 is the first K-Ras(G12D) selective, bicyclic peptide inhibitor with binding Ki of 22 nM; KS-58 suppressed growth of A427 cells and PANC-1 cells (human pancreas carcinoma, G12D mutant) down to 21.1% and 50.1% at 30 uM. KS-58 showed significantly weaker cell growth suppression activities against A549 (human lung carcinoma, G12S mutant), H1975 (human lung carcinoma, WT), MIA PaCa-2 (human pancreas carcinoma, G12C mutant), and Capan-1 (human pancreas carcinoma, G12V mutant) cells. KS-58 reduced the phosphorylation of ERK down to 26.0% and 57.6% at 30 uM, respectively. Biotin-KS-58 exhibited stronger binding to K-Ras(G12D) than to other Ras proteins; KS-58 enters cells, binds to both forms of intracellular K-Ras(G12D)GDP/GTP, and inhibits K-Ras(G12D)GDP/GTP-effector protein interactions, thus preventing downstream Ras signal pathways, such as ERK, and suppressing cell proliferation. KS-58 exhibits anti-cancer activity when given as an intravenous injection to mice with subcutaneous or orthotropic PANC-1 cell xenografts.

KRAS G12C Pipetide (LVVVGACGVGK)

KPR-5714 (KPR5714) is a novel potent, selective TRPM8 antagonist with IC50 of 25.3 and 22.4 nM against hTRPM8 and rTRPM8, respectively.KPR-5714 dispalys 400-fold against human TRPA1, TRPV1, and TRPV4, and does not show inhibitory effects for ASIC1a, ASIC3, Nav1.3, Nav1.5, Nav1.6, Nav1.7, and Nav1.8 (IC50 values >10 uM).KPR-5714 (i.p.) inhibited the hyperactivity of mechanosensitive C-fibers of bladder afferents and dose-dependently increased the intercontraction interval shortened by intravesical instillation of acetic acid in anesthetized rats.KPR-5714 (orally administered) dose-dependently increased the mean voided volume and decreased voiding frequency without affecting total voided volume in vivo.

KNI-1657 (KNI1657) is a highly potent HIV-1 protease inhibitor (97% inhibition at 1 nM) with high sensitivity against lopinavir/ritonavir- or darunavir-resistant strains; inhibits wild-type HIV-1 (pNL4-3) and LPV-resistant strain A17 with IC50 of <3 and 25 nM, respectively.

KNa1.1 inhibitor 31 is a potent, selective, orally available inhibitor of sodium-activated potassium channel KNa1.1 (Slack, Slo2.2) with IC50 of 40 nM (hKNa1.1 WT).KNa1.1 inhibitor 31 reduced seizures and interictal spikes in a mouse model of KCNT1 GoF.

KIN-8194 (KIN8194) is a highly potent dual HCK and BTK inhibitor with IC50 of <0.495 and 0.915 nM, respectively.KIN-8194 demonstrated greater selectivity compared with A419259 with no KIT, RET, PDGFRA, EPHB6, or CDPK1 inhibition.KIN-8194 binds to gatekeeper residue Thr333 of HCK, but not to Cys481 of BTK.KIN-8194 shows robust inhibition of both HCK and BTK activity in MYD88-mutated cells, showed robust inhibition of HCK Tyr410 phosphorylation; inhibits the growth and survival of MYD88-mutated WM and ABC DLBCL cells.KIN-8194 overcomes ibrutinib resistance relatedto BTK Cys481Ser-expressing MYD88-mutated B-cell lymphoma cells, synergizes with the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax.KIN-8194 shows superior activity over ibrutinib in MYD88-mutated TMD-8 ABC DLBCL xenograft mouse model.KIN-8194 is active against ibrutinib resistance in BTK Cys481Ser -expressing ABC DLBCL xenograft mouse model.

KIF18A inhibitor 24 is a highly potent, in vivo active inhibitor of mitotic kinesin KIF18A with IC50 of 61 nM.KIF18A inhibitor 24 binds at the interface of KIF18A and tubulin.KIF18A inhibitor 24 exhibits significant mitotic arrest in MDA-MB-157 mitotic cells with EC50 of 11 nM, followed by cell death either in mitosis or in the subsequent interphase, which is sustained for 24 h.

KI-696 (KI696) is a highly potent, selective inhibitor of KEAP1-NRF2 interaction, exhibits very high affinity for the KEAP1 Kelch domain with ITC Kd of 1.3 nM.KI-696 displays high selectivity against a panel of 49 in vitro functional assays for targets, with the exception of the OATP1B1 (IC50=2.5 µM), the bile salt export pump BSEP (IC50=4.0 µM), and PDE3A (IC50=10 uM).KI-696 increases NRF2 nuclear translocation in normal human bronchial epithelial cells, up-regulates NRF2-dependent gene expression NQO1 and GCLM, and increases NQO1 activity in an NRF2-dependent manner.KI-696 significantly reduces ozone-induced pulmonary inflammation, restores ozone-induced depletion of lung GSH levels in vivo.

KH-4-43 is a small moelcule E3 CRL4 inhibitor and exhibits antitumor potential, directly and selectively binds to the purified E3 ROC1-CUL4A CTD complex with Kd of 83 nM.KH-4-43 weakly binds to the purified, highly related E3 ROC1-CUL1 CTD complex with Kd of 9.4 uM, >100-fold less potent than ROC1-CUL4A CTD, showed little effect on Ub thiol ester formation with E1/E2 Cdc34.KH-4-43 inhibited the ubiquitination of CK1α by CRL4CRBN in vitro. Treatment of cells with KH-4-43 caused accumulation of the E3 CRL4 substrate CDT1.KH-4-43 inhibited cell viability against a panel of tumor lines, NB-4, MV4-11, OVCAR-3, and CAPAN-2 cell with IC50 of 1.8, 3.0, 3.9, and 4.8 uM, respectively.KH-4-43 suppress the growth of human tumor xenografts in mice.

KDOBA67 is a novel cell-permeable inhibitor of H3K27 lysine demethylase KDM6A/B, inhibits TBXT expression chordoma cell lines.KDOBA67 displayed in vitro inhibitory activity in the low micromolar range with IC50 values of 2 to 5 uM in various chordoma cell lines, leading to induction of apoptosis.H3K27 demethylase inhibition via KDOBA67 alters chromatin state at TBXT and inhibits its expression.TBXT was a KDM6A/B target gene, and chromatin changes at TBXT following KDOBA67 treatment were associated with a reduction in TBXT protein levels.KDOBA67 treatment downregulated expression of a network of transcription factors critical for chordoma survival and upregulated pathways dominated by ATF4-driven stress and proapoptotic responses.

K-312 is a novel cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitor with IC50 of 60 nM, also suppresses hepatocyte expression of PCSK9, raises HDL and lowers LDL cholesterol levels in vivo; raises HDL cholesterol, decreases LDL cholesterol, and attenuates aortic atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits; decreases PCSK9 expression in human primary hepatocytes and in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2, decreases the occupancy of SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 on the sterol regulatory element of the PCSK9 promoter.

JWD-065 is a potent small molecule HIPK2 kinase inhibitor, blocks HIPK2 phosphorylation on S359/T360 and JNK activation in HEK293 cells and attenuates ER stress-induced cell death with EC50 of 641 nM.

JW-65 (JW65) is a selective, potent,CNS-permeable TRPC3 inhibitor improved stability compared to Pyr3.JW-65 shows similar potency and selectivity on TRPC3 channels, but is metabolically much more stable than its precursor, demonstrated by its much longer half-life (>4 h) in mouse, rat, and human liver microsomes when compared to Pyr3.JW-65-treated mice showed substantially decreased susceptibility to PTZ-induced seizures in a dose-dependent manner.

JTP-0157602 (JTP0157602) is a novel non-catalytic site integrase inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase (IN), inhibits the interaction between LEDGF IBD and IN with IC50 of 4.2 nM.JTP-0157602 exhibits potent antiviral activity against HIV-1 with EC90 of 138 nM.JTP-0157602 retained potent antiviral activity (EC50=1-6 nM) against a broad panel of recombinant viruses with INSTI-related resistant mutations, including multiple substitutions that emerged in clinical studies of INSTIs (IN strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs).JTP-0157602 inhibited HIV-1 replication mainly during the late-phase of the replication cycle.JTP-0157602 binds to the LEDGF/p75 binding pocket of HIV-1 integrase (IN).

JS25 is a potent, selective, covalent TEC family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases (BTK, ITK, TXK and BMX) inhibitor with IC50 of 3.5 and 5.8 nM for BMX and BTK, respectively.JS25 displays a strong binding affinity against all the members of TEC family, covalently inhibits BMX at Cys496. JS25 demonstrates intracellular target engagement in HEK293 cells (IC50=44.8 nM), 10 times greater than BMX-IN-1.JS25 inhibits androgen-receptor positive prostate-cancer cells with GI50 of 6.6 uM.JS25 shows synergistic anti-proliferative activity in LNCaP cells in combination with AKT1/2 (AKT inhibitor), Flutamide (androgen receptor antagonist) and LY293002 (PI3K inhibitor).

JS24 is a potent, selective, covalent TEC family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases (BTK, ITK, TXK and BMX) inhibitor with IC50 of 7.5 and 11.1 nM for BMX and BTK, respectively.JS24 displays a strong binding affinity against all the members of TEC family, covalently inhibits BMX at Cys496.JS24 inhibits androgen-receptor positive prostate-cancer cells with GI50 of 1.5 uM.JS24 shows synergistic anti-proliferative activity in LNCaP cells in combination with AKT1/2 (AKT inhibitor), Flutamide (androgen receptor antagonist) and LY293002 (PI3K inhibitor).