First reported nonpeptidomimetic agonist on the G protein-coupled chemokine receptor CXCR-3

SP 600125, negative control (SPM1) is an alkyl derivative of pyrazoloanthrone, which can be used as a negative control for SP600125.

GRGDSP (TFA) is an integrin inhibitor.

SPACE peptide is a skin penetrating peptide which facilitates the delivery of molecules through the skin.

Pepstatin Ammonium is a specific aspartic protease inhibitor produced by actinomycetes, with IC50s of 4.5 nM, 6.2 nM, 150 nM, 290 nM, 520 nM and 260 nM for hemoglobin-pepsin, hemoglobin-proctase, casein-pepsin, casein-proctase, casein-acid protease and he

Chloroquine is a medication used to prevent and to treat malaria in areas where malaria is known to be sensitive to its effects. Certain types of malaria, resistant strains, and complicated cases typically require different or additional medication. It is also occasionally used for amebiasis that is occurring outside the intestines, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus erythematosus. Chloroquine enters the red blood cell, inhibiting the parasite cell and digestive vacuole by simple diffusion. Chloroquine then becomes protonated (to CQ2+), as the digestive vacuole is known to be acidic (pH 4.7); chloroquine then cannot leave by diffusion. Chloroquine caps hemozoin molecules to prevent further biocrystallization of heme, thus leading to heme buildup.

Pixantrone is a synthetic, noncardiotoxic aza-anthracenedione analogue with potential antineoplastic activity. Pixantrone intercalates into DNA and induces topoisomerase II-mediated DNA strand crosslinks, resulting in inhibition of DNA replication and tumor cell cytotoxicity. Pixantrone is a potentially more effective, less cardiotoxic alternative to doxorubicin for patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (aNHL).

Novel TRPM8 channel blocker

VY-3-135 is an orally active, selective acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 44 nM. VY-3-135 displayes no inhibitory activity towards recombinant human ACSS1 or ACSS3. VY-3-135 potently inhibits ACSS2 dependent fatty acid metabolism but has no effect on gene expression in tumors. VY-3-135 inhibits triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumor growth in mouse ACSS2high but not ACSS2low tumors models.

GS-680 (GS680) is a novel selective and ATP-competitive CaMKII inhibitor with biochemical IC50 of 2.3 and 15.9 nM against CaMKIIδ and CaMKIIα, respectively.GS-680 inhibited phospholamban phosphorylation in NRVM with an EC50 of 98.9 nM.GS-680 inhibits premature atrial contractions.GS-680 significantly reduced CaMKII autophosphorylation.GS-680 inhibits pro-arrhythmic activity in human atrium and improves contractility in failing human ventricle.

FHP01 (BA103) is a potent, small molecule inhibitor of DDX3X helicase activity with IC50 of 0.3 uM in in vitro enzyme assays, exhibits very effective antiproliferative and killing activity against different breast cancer cell types (IC50=3.058 and 3.21 μM in MDA MB 468 and MDA MB 231, respectively). FHP01 does not inhibit the ATPase activity of DDX3X and the helicase activity of DDX1 (IC50>100 uM). FHP01 also inhibited WNT signaling, a key tumorigenic pathway already correlated to DDX3X functions in breast cancer model cell lines. FHP01 inhibits ER+/PR+ (IC50 = 12.43 and 10.62 μM in MCF7 and T47D cells, respectively) and HER2+ (IC50 = 13.46 μM in SKBR3) cells, but lower in control MCF10A cells (IC50 = 28.71 μM). FHP01 (45 mg/kg, i.p. injection) suppresses rowth of MDA MB 231 tumor xenografts in nude mice.

EP055 (EP-055) is a small molecule that targets EPPIN on the surface of sperm and inhibits motility (IC50=199.5 uM, CASA assay using human sperm), binds to the C-terminal domain of EPPIN.

Novel potent broad-spectrum metallo-β-lactamase (MβL) inhibitor, inhibiting the MβLs NDM-1, VIM-2, ImiS, and L1

NCGC00161856 is identified as the first small-molecule ligand and inverse agonist of the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR). It inhibits basal cAMP production in HEK-EM 293 cells that stably express TSHRs, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 3.0 µM. This means that NCGC00161856 effectively reduces the constitutive activity of TSHR, which is the receptor's activity in the absence of its natural ligand (thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH).

UT-59 is a specific inhibitor that targets the cholesterol-sensing membrane protein Scap (SREBP cleavage-activating protein). It functions by binding to Scap's cholesterol-binding site, which prevents Scap from interacting with SREBPs (sterol regulatory element-binding proteins). This inhibition blocks the activation of SREBPs, which are key transcription factors involved in lipid and cholesterol biosynthesis. As a result, UT-59 effectively suppresses lipid synthesis, making it a potential therapeutic candidate for conditions associated with dysregulated lipid metabolism, such as hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, or metabolic disorders.

E7090 (E 7090) is a highly potent and selective orally bioavailable inhibitor targeting FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3, with IC50 values of 0.71 nM, 0.50 nM, and 1.2 nM, respectively. It exhibits significantly weaker inhibition of FGFR4, with an IC50 of 120 nM. This distinct selectivity profile positions E7090 as a promising therapeutic candidate for diseases driven by aberrant FGFR1-3 signaling, offering a targeted approach to inhibit these receptors while minimizing off-target effects on FGFR4. Its oral availability further enhances its potential as a convenient and effective treatment option for patients with FGFR-dependent conditions.

BHC, a small-molecule inhibitor of skeletal muscle myosin, effectively suppresses muscle activity by targeting myosin function without altering membrane currents. This compound emerges from a screening process aimed at identifying molecules capable of modulating muscle movement through myosin inhibition. By specifically inhibiting myosin, BHC provides a unique mechanism for controlling muscle contractions while maintaining the integrity of cellular electrical properties.

(+)SHIN2 is a serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) inhibitor, whose target can be traced with 13C-serine. (+)SHIN2 increases survival in NOTCH1-driven mouse primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) in vivo with a synergistic effect with Methotrexate.

Picrocrocin is a monoterpene glycoside precursor of safranal. Picrocrocin is found in the spice saffron, which comes from the crocus flower. Picrocrocin is a degradation product of the carotenoid zeaxanthin. Picrocrocin exhibits growth inhibitory effects against SKMEL- 2 human malignant melanoma cells by targeting JAK/ STAT5 signaling pathway, cell cycle arrest and mitochondrial mediated apoptosis.

PF-152 is a potent, highly selective and orally bioavailable MMP13 inhibitor with Ki of 1.5 nM, with no activity against MMP3 (Ki>10 uM).

Oridonin (Cmpd-5, NSC 250682) is a natural ent-kaurane diterpenoid from Rabdosia rubescens identified as a first-in-class small-molecule inhibitor that directly binds β-arrestin1 and β-arrestin2 with high nanomolar to low micromolar affinity. Oridonin broadly suppresses β-arrestin recruitment, receptor desensitization, internalization, and downstream ERK signaling across multiple GPCR families, and abrogates T-cell chemotaxis.

GLPG3667 is an oral, reversible, and selective tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) inhibitor. It is being developed to treat inflammatory and auto-immune diseases. Biochemical assays showed that GLPG3667 displayed nanomolar potency on TYK2 with a selectivity over other JAK kinases >3-fold. In human PBMC, GLPG3667 showed comparable potency on the IFNα and IL-23 pathways (around 50 nM). Selectivity for TYK2 on the IFNα pathway was >14-fold and >19-fold toward the IL-2 and GM-CSF pathways in human PBMC and whole blood, respectively. Dermal ear inflammation in a mouse model of psoriasis driven by IL-23 was prevented by GLPG3667 with a minimal effective dose of 3 mg/kg given orally once daily. This effect was associated with a decrease in neutrophil infiltration and STAT3 phosphorylation at sites of inflammation. In healthy HV, GLPG3667 completely inhibited IFNα-induced STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation but did not impact IL-2- and GM-CSF-induced STAT5 phosphorylation.

Antibiotic, inhibiting the first step in the N-linked glycosylation in eukaryotes and inducing ER stress to activate the unfolded protein response (UPR)

​​GB1107​​ is a novel small-molecule inhibitor specifically designed to target galectin-3 (Gal-3), demonstrating high binding affinity and oral bioavailability.

HOIPIN-1 (JTP-0819958, HOIP inhibitor-1) is a chemical inhibitor of linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC, IC50=2.8 uM), specifically generates Met1-linked linear ubiquitin chains through the ubiquitin ligase activity in HOIP, and activates the N

UHMCP1 is a small molecule that prevents the SF3b155/U2AF65 interaction, binds to the hydrophobic pocket of the U2AF65 UHM domain (Kd=1-20 uM), impacts splicing and cell viability.

PSMA-617, also know as vipivotide tetraxetan, is a ligand used to make 177Lu-PSMA-617, which is a radioactive molecule to fight cancer. PSMA617 possesses a small peptide, which was designed to target prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). PSMA617 demonstrates high radiolytic stability for at least 72 h. PSMA617 has high inhibition potency (equilibrium dissociation constant Ki=2.34±2.94 nM on LNCaP; Ki=0.37±0.21 nM enzymatically determined). 177 Lu-PSMA-617 offers a potential additional life-prolonging treatment option for men with mCRPC.

SPI-21 (Spt5-Pol II inhibitor 21) is a small-molecule inhibitor of Spt5-Pol II with IC50 of 25.2 uM.

Irreversible inhibitor of amiloride-sensitive Na channels; derivative of amiloride

Asimadoline HCl is a κ-opioid receptor agonist potentially for the treatment of pruritus. Asimadoline has also been shown to be used in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.