o,p'-DDT, 2,4’-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane is a chlorinated organic pesticide having estrogenic activity.

Metoprine is a diaminopyrimidine folate antagonist with potential antineoplastic activity. Metoprine inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, resulting in decreased cellular folate metabolism and cell growth; it also inhibits histamine-N-methyltransferase, resulting in decreased histamine catabolism. Lipid-soluble metoprine is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier.

DDE is also know as 4,4’-DDE. It is a metabolite of DDT (D434195), a synthetic organochlorine insecticide that functions by opening sodium ion channels in the insects’ neurons, causing them to fire spontaneously which in turn leads to death. 4,4’-DDE has shown to have endocrine disrupting effects on gonadotropin hormones in pituitary gonadotrope cells.

TDE is an Organochlorine insecticide that is slightly irritating to the skin.

Dicalcium phosphate is the calcium phosphate with the formula CaHPO4 and its dihydrate. The "di" prefix in the common name arises because the formation of the HPO42– anion involves the removal of two protons from phosphoric acid, H3PO4. It is also known as dibasic calcium phosphate or calcium monohydrogen phosphate. Dicalcium phosphate is used as a food additive, it is found in some toothpastes as a polishing agent and is a biomaterial.[

Stains-all is biochemical.

Oxytetracycline is analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES rimosus and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions. Oxytetracycline works by interfering with the ability of bacteria to produce essential proteins. Without these proteins, the bacteria cannot grow, multiply and increase in numbers. Oxytetracycline therefore stops the spread of the infection and the remaining bacteria are killed by the immune system or eventually die. Oxytetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, active against a wide variety of bacteria. However, some strains of bacteria have developed resistance to this antibiotic, which has reduced its effectiveness for treating some types of infections.

DMHAPC-Chol is a cationic cholesterol. Liposomes containing DMHAPC-chol have been used for DNA plasmid delivery in vitro and in vivo in a B16-F10 mouse xenograft model. Liposomes containing DMHAPC-chol are cytotoxic to B16-F10 cells. DMHAPC-Chol, as part of a lipoplex with DOPE, has also been used to deliver DNA into mouse lung via intratracheal injection, resulting in a heterogeneous distribution in the bronchi and bronchioles, and to deliver VEGF siRNA into A431 and MDA-MB-231 cells, which secrete VEGF.

p-APMSF is an irreversible inhibitor of serine proteases.

(±)-γ-Tocopherol is a form of vitamin E with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It traps and detoxifies reactive nitrogen oxide species, including nitrogen dioxide, in cell-free assays. It also reduces the synthesis of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) induced by LPS in RAW 264.7 macrophages and by IL-1β in A549 cells. (±)-γ-Tocopherol inhibits LPS-induced nitrite release and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in RAW 264.7 cells and reduces COX-2 activity in A549 cells pretreated with IL-1β. Serum levels of (±)-γ-tocopherol are decreased in patients with cardiovascular disease.

Pyranonigrin A is a fungal metabolite with antioxidant activity. It scavenges 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals in a cell-free assay. Pyranonigrin A suppresses TNF-α-induced expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

(±)-Ketoprofen glucuronide is a phase II metabolite of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ketoprofen. It is formed via glucuronidation by the UDP-glucuronosyltrasferase (UGT) isoforms UGT1A3, UGT1A9, UGT1A10, and UGT2B7.

Lariatin A is an antimycobacterial lasso peptide active against M. tuberculosis and M. smegmatis. Lariatin A increases survival in a silkworm model of M. smegmatis infection.

(±)-α-Tocopherol acetate is the acetate form of (±)-α-tocopherol, a biologically active form of vitamin E. It prevents reductions in the percentage of embryos developing into blastocysts, levels of glutathione (GSH), and prevents increases in oxidative stress. (±)-α-Tocopherol acetate has been shown to prevent body weight loss and decreases in pulmonary dynamic compliance in mice exposed to sidestream cigarette smoke but not in sham exposure animals. However, it also increases the levels of IL-1β, IL-4, and IFN-γ in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of sidestream cigarette-exposed, but not sham exposure, mice.

Abarelix acetate is a synthetic third generation gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) antagonist. It increases histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells in vitro and from a human skin model ex vivo. In vivo, abarelix decreases plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) levels six hours post-treatment in castrated rats, with levels returning to baseline within 24 hours.3 Abarelix (2 mg/kg) also transiently decreases plasma testosterone levels in intact rats, with levels returning to baseline within seven days post-treatment. Formulations containing abarelix have previously been used in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.

Sodium Ionophore VI is a sodium-selective ionophore that can be used in ion-selective electrodes to monitor sodium levels in aqueous solutions. It is selective for sodium over calcium, magnesium, lithium, ammonium, and potassium ions. Sodium ionophore VI has been used in electrodes to determine the levels of sodium ions in human urine and serum, as well as in X. laevis oocytes.

(R,S)-AMPA is a glutamate agonist and an Ibotenic Acid homolog . The compound is the defining agonist for the AMPA subtype of glutamate receptors. It has been used as a radionuclide imaging agent but is more commonly used as an experimental tool in cell biological studies.

Augmentin is a 4:1 mixture of Amoxicillin to Clavulanate which serves as a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is effective against resistant pathogens. It maintains therapeutically useful concentrations of plasma Amoxicillin for longer periods after dosing.

Amoxicillin open ring dimer is an impurity of Amoxicillin --- a β-lactam family antibiotic that is commonly used in conjunction with clavulanic acid to the treat bacterial infections.

Sethoxydim is an herbicide.

Albendazole sulfone is a metabolite of Albendazole, an anthelmintic, antibiotic, and antiparisitic.

Leucinol is a reversible inhibitor of protein synthesis and starting material for the synthesis of aminopeptidase N and phospholipase A2 inhibitors.

TES free acid is a structural analog to Tris buffer. It is one of the ethanesulfonic acid series of biological buffers developed by Good et al. Good's buffer criteria: midrange pKa, maximum water solubility and minimum solubility in all other solvents, minimal salt effects, minimal change in pKa with temperature, chemically and enzymatically stable, minimal absorption in visible or UV spectral range, and easily synthesized. TES probably exists in solution as a zwitterion.

Etaqualone is an analytical reference standard categorized as a quinazolone.

Amlodipine besilate impurity B is a biochemical.

Thiol-PEG4-acid is a PEG derivative containing a thiol group and a terminal carboxylic acid. The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media. The thiol group reacts with maleimide, OPSS, vinylsulfone and transition metal surfaces including gold, silver, etc. The terminal carboxylic acid can be reacted with primary amine groups in the presence of activators (e.g. EDC, or DCC) to form a stable amide bond.

[4-(Diethoxy-phosphorylamino)-butyl]-phosphoramidic acid diethyl ester is a PEG Linker.

m-PEG4-phosphonic acid is a PEG Linker.

Mal-C6-amine TFA salt is a PEG Linker.

Mal-amido-PEG8-NHS is a PEG derivative containing a maleimide group and an NHS ester. The hydrophilic PEG spacer increases solubility in aqueous media. The NHS ester can be used to label the primary amines (-NH2) of proteins, amine-modified oligonucleotides, and other amine-containing molecules. The maleimide group will react with a thiol group to form a covalent bond, enabling the connection of biomolecule with a thiol.