Gemcitabine monophosphate disodium salt, also called GemMP, is a monophosphate derivative of Gemcitabine. Gemcitabine (Gem) is a deoxycytidine analog that is effective against pancreatic cancer and other malignancies following conversion to the 5'-O-mono-, di- and tri-phosphate forms. GemMP decreased tumor cell growth at concentrations ranging from 1 to 50 nM. GemMP is a potent cytotoxic agent that serves to induce apoptosis in association with increased Fas expression in cultured thyroid cancer cell lines. (Anticancer Res. 2000 Sep-Oct;20(5A):2915-22).

ATN-163 is a five amino acid peptide. ATN-163 is a scramble peptide of ATN-161. ATN-161 (Ac-PHSCN-NH2), a five-amino acid peptide with documented anti-angiogenic activity.

Thiocolchicine is a potent tubulin polymerization and microtubule assembly inhibitor, a axonal cytoskeleton modulator and apoptosis inducer. Structurally, thiocolchicine is a colchicine analog in which the C-10 methoxy is replaced with a thiomethyl moiety. Thiocolchicine was shown to bind with high affinity to the colchicine site on tubulin (Ka = 1.07 +/- 0.14 x 10(6) M-1). Thiocolchicine-dimers were shown to be potent topoisomerase I inhibitors.

Purpurogallin is a red, crystalline compound, and the aglycon of several glycosides from nutgalls and oak barks. It can inhibit hydroxyestradiol methylation by catechol-O-methyltransferase. It potently and specifically inhibits PLK, TLR1/TLR2 activation pathway. Purpurogallin showed antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities; anti?inflammatory effects; antitumor activity, anti-oxidation activities; hepatoprotecting effects; antibacterial activity toward gram-positive bacteria.

Methylthioadenosine, also known as MTA and 5'- Methylthioadenosine, is a naturally occurring sulfur-containing nucleoside present in all mammalian tissues. In vitro experiments showed that MTA treatment inhibited melanoma cell proliferation and viability in a dose dependent manner, where BRAF mutant melanoma cell lines appear to be more sensitive. Importantly, MTA was effective inhibiting in vivo tumor growth. The molecular analysis of tumor samples and in vitro experiments indicated that MTA induces cytostatic rather than pro-apoptotic effects inhibiting the phosphorylation of Akt and S6 ribosomal protein and inducing the down-regulation of cyclin D1. ( BMC Cancer . 2010 Jun 8;10:265.)

NU1085 is a potent poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have been developed that potentiate the cytotoxicity of ionizing radiation and anticancer drugs. The biological effects of NU1085 [Ki = 6 nM], in combination with temozolomide (TM) or topotecan (TP) have been studied in 12 human tumor cell lines (lung, colon, ovary, and breast cancer). Cells were treated with increasing concentrations of TM or TP +/- NU1085 (10 microM) for 72 h.

NU6140 is a cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (cdk2) inhibitor; induces cell-cycle arrest at the G2-M phase.

PD0407824, also known as PD407824 is a potent selective, small molecular CHK1 inhibitor with potential anticancer activity.

CAY10505 is a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-γ inhibitor , was found to significantly improve acetylcholine-induced endothelium dependent relaxation, serum nitrate and (or) nitrite level, glutathione level, and the vascular endothelial lining in hypertensive rats. CAY10505 , may improve hypertension-associated vascular endothelial dysfunction. Inhibition of PI3Kγ might be a useful approach in the therapeutics of vascular endothelium dysfunction.

KU59403 is a potent and selective ATM (Ataxia telangiectasia mutated) inhibitor with with potential anticancer activity. KU59403 was not cytotoxic to human cancer cell lines (SW620, LoVo, HCT116, and MDA-MB-231) per se but significantly increased the cytotoxicity of topoisomerase I and II poisons: camptothecin, etoposide, and doxorubicin. KU59403 significantly enhanced the antitumor activity of topoisomerase poisons in mice bearing human colon cancer xenografts (SW620 and HCT116) at doses that were nontoxic alone and well-tolerated in combination

PD180970 is a novel Bcr-Abl inhbiitor. PD180970 inhibited in vivo tyrosine phosphorylation of p210Bcr-Abl (IC50 = 170 nM) and the p210BcrAbl substrates Gab2 and CrkL (IC50 = 80 nM) in human K562 chronic myelogenous leukemic cells. In vitro, PD180970 potently inhibited autophosphorylation of p210Bcr-Abl (IC50 = 5 nM) and the kinase activity of purified recombinant Abl tyrosine kinase (IC50 = 2.2 nM). Incubation of K562 cells with PD180970 resulted in cell death. PD180970 is among the most potent inhibitors of the p210Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase, which is present in almost all cases of human chronic myelogenous leukemia. PD180970 is a promising candidate as a novel therapeutic agent for Bcr-Abl-positive leukemia.

PD166326 is one of the most potent members of the pyridopyrimidine class of protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In mice with the CML-like disease, PD166326 rapidly inhibited Bcr/Abl kinase activity after a single oral dose and demonstrated marked antileukemic activity in vivo. In vivo, PD166326 was also superior to imatinib mesylate in inhibiting the constitutive tyrosine phosphorylation of numerous leukemia-cell proteins, including the src family member Lyn. PD166326 also prolonged the survival of mice with imatinib mesylate-resistant CML induced by the Bcr/Abl mutants P210/H396P and P210/M351T.

YC-137 is a BCL-2 inhibitor, which selectively induces apoptosis of Bcl-2-overexpressing cells and disrupts its interaction with Bid BH3, thereby blocking the anti-apoptotic activity of Bcl-2.

OM137 is an inhibitor of Aurora kinases. which is growth inhibitory to cultured cells when applied at high concentration and potentiates the growth inhibitory effects of subnanomolar concentrations of paclitaxel.

FIIN-1 is Potent, irreversible FGFR inhibitor, acts at the ATP binding site. Also irreversibly inhibits Flt-1, Flt-4 and VEGFR-2.

Mefluidide is a biochemical.

Vedaprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of pain and inflammation due to musculoskeletal disorders in dogs and horses and for the treatment of pain due to horse colic

Butachlor is a chloroacetanalide herbicide. Butachlor is commonly used for weed control in rice as well as cotton, maize, wheat and other crops.

Alclofenac may be used to treat patients with chronic rheumatic diseases. Research shows that alclofenac has a pronounced effect upon the acute-phase protein response and the extent to which L-tryptophan is bound to plasma protein.

Crimidine is a convulsant poison used as a rodenticide. Crimidine was originally known by its product name, Castrix. It was originally produced in the 1940s by the conglomerate, IG Farben.

Clothiapine, also known as Entumine, is an atypical antipsychotic of the dibenzothiazepine chemical class. It was first introduced in a few European countries (namely, Belgium, Italy, Spain and Switzerland), Argentina, Taiwan and Israel in 1970.

Clopyralid is a selective herbicide used for control of broadleaf weeds.

Vapiprost hydrochloride is a biochemicla.

MCPA-thioethyl is a biochemical.

Chlorpyrifos-methyl acts on the nervous system of insects by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase.

Mexacarbate is a carbamate pesticide developed by Alexander Shulgin.

Vamidothion sulfoxide is a biochemical.

Isocaproaldehyde is a biochemical.

Prenylamine is a calcium channel blocker of the amphetamine chemical class which was used as a vasodilator in the treatment of angina pectoris.

Bromopride is a dopamine antagonist with prokinetic properties widely used as an antiemetic