2-Arachidonoylglycerol is an endocannabinoid, an endogenous agonist of the CB1 receptor. At a concentration of 0.3nM, 2-Arachidonoylglycerol induces a rapid, transient increase in intracellular free calcium in NG108-15 neuroblastoma X glioma cells through a CB1 receptor-dependent mechanism.

Pentetrazol, also known as pentylenetetrazole, metrazol, pentetrazol (INN), pentamethylenetetrazol, Corazol, Cardiazol or PTZ, is a non-competitive GABA antagonist. It was formerly used as a drug for circulatory and respiratory stimulation.

4-POBN is a potent and irreversible inhibitor of myeloperoxidase.

U-0521 is a catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor. U-0521 enhances the availability and utilization of levodopa in the brain.

Isomaltitol, also known as Palatinit or Isomalt, is a sugar alcohol. Isomaltitol is commonly used as a sweetener in food products. There is some evidence that Isomaltitol could be used to aid mucus clearance in cystic fibrosis patients.

Benzetimide HCl, also known as EINECS 227-072-8, Spasmentral, and Dioxatrine, is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. Benzetimide HCl has been used to treat neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism. Benzetimide is an enantiomer of dexetimide.

Senecioic acid is a crystalline unsaturated fatty acid found in the pheromones of mealybug species.

Heptelidic acid is an esquiterpene lactone produced by the fungus T. koningii with antibiotic activity against anaerobic bacteria such as Bacteroides. It acts as an irreversible inhibitor of GAPDH that binds to the cysteine-149 residue at the active site of the enzyme.

Chromotrope 2B is a reagent for boric acid and borates.

3-Benzoylpyridine is a decomposition product of the soman antidote HGG-12.

Exifone is a bioactive chemical.

Boldine is an alkaloid of the aporphine class that can be found in the boldo tree and in Lindera aggregata. Boldine has antioxidant activity that effectively protects against free radical induced lipid peroxidation or enzyme inactivation. In addition, it has alpha-adrenergic antagonist activities in vascular tissue, and it has also been reported to have hepatoprotective, cytoprotective, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects.

Norethindrone acetate is used in combination with estrogen as a contraceptive (oral). It is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.

Harman is a beta-carboline.

Lobaric acid is a depsidone metabolite that has been isolated from Stereocaulon lichen species with antioxidant, antiproliferative, antiviral, and enzyme inhibitory activites. It scavenges superoxide radicals in a cell-free assay (IC50 = 97.9 μmol) and inhibits proliferation in a panel of leukemia, colorectal, gastric, breast, ovarian, prostate, pancreatic, and lung cancer cell lines (EC50s = 15.2-63.9 μg/ml). Lobaric acid inhibits protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B; IC50 = 0.87 μM for the human recombinant enzyme) and production of 12(S)-HETE (Item No. 34570) by 12(S)-lipoxygenase (IC50 = 28.5 μM). In vivo, lobaric acid (250 μM) decreases lesion number, but not lesion diameter, in tobacco leaves infected with tobacco mosaic virus (TMV).

Edoxaban (INN, codenamed DU-176b, trade name Lixiana) is a potent, selective factor Xa inhibitor, which has good oral bioavailability. Edoxaban is an anticoagulant drug which acts as a direct factor Xa inhibitor. It is being developed by Daiichi Sankyo. It was approved in July 2011 in Japan for prevention of venous thromboembolisms (VTE) following lower-limb orthopedic surgery. It was also approved by the FDA in January 2015 for the prevention of stroke and non?–central-nervous-system systemic embolism.

Glycolithocholic acid is a glycine conjugate of lithocholic acid, a bile acid. It is increased in livers of mice that are fed diets supplemented with ursadeoxycholic acid. Glycolithocholic acid levels are decreased in lean mice treated with obestatin. Serum glycolithocholic acid levels increase with age in children.

Meglutol is an antilipemic agent which lowers cholesterol, triglycerides, serum beta-lipoproteins and phospholipids. It acts by interfering with the enzymatic steps involved in the conversion of acetate to hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A as well as inhibiting the activity of HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES which is the rate limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol.

Lexithromycin is a semi-synthetic antibiotic derived from erythromycin. Lexithromycin has improved absorption in vivo over erythromycin due to increased hydrophopicity and pH stability. As with other macrolides, lexithromycin prevents protein synthesis by binding the ribosome at the polypeptide exit tunnel. Formulations containing lexithromycin were tested in clinical trials as treatment for HIV but were discontinued.

Lecanoric acid is a naturally occurring depside polyphenol isolated from a variety of lichens. It is a potent antioxidant, surpassing ascorbic acid in a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay (IC50s = 424.51 and 6.42 μg/ml for lecanoric and ascorbic acid, respectively). Lecanoric acid has antibacterial and antifungal activities with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 mg/ml for a panel of fifteen microorganisms. In a cell viability assay, lecanoric acid exhibits antiproliferative activity against HeLa cells (IC50 = 123.97 μg/ml). Lecanoric acid also exhibits antidiabetic and hypolipidemic properties.

Pinaverium bromide is a spasmolytic agent with low incidence of anticholinergic effects. Antispasmodic.

Cloethocarb is a molluscicide.

Maclurin is isolated from Maclura pomifera. Maclurin is composed of two isoforms (isolectins); some sequence similarity to jacalin; potent non-specific blood-group hemagglutinin.

Dequalinium chloride is a topical bacteriostat that is available as various salts. It is used in wound dressings and mouth infections and may also have antifungal action, but may cause skin ulceration.

Vasicinone is a quinazoline alkaloid that can be isolated from A. vasica leaves and demonstrates bronchodilatory activity. It also is reported to possess antioxidant activity in nitric oxide and ABTS radical scavenging assays.

Ochratoxin C is a toxic metabolite from Aspergillus orchraceus.

Canthaxanthin is a trans-carotenoid pigment widely distributed in nature. The compound is used as an oral suntanning agent and as a food and drug coloring agent. Oral ingestion of the compound causes canthaxanthin retinopathy.

Lypressin is the porcine antidiuretic hormone (vasopressins). It is a cyclic nonapeptide that differs from arg-vasopressin by one amino acid, containing a lysine at residue 8 instead of an arginine. Lys-vasopressin is used to treat diabetes insipidus or to improve vasomotor tone and blood pressure.

Prolylisoleucine is a derivative of isoleucine, an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

Iditol is a rare sugar alcohol (polyol).