Omigapil (CGP3466B free base), an orally active GAPDH nitrosylation inhibitor, abrogates Aβ1-42-induced tau acetylation, memory impairment, and locomotor dysfunction in mice. Omigapil has the potential for the research of Alzheimer's disease. Omigapil is a apoptosis inhibitor. Omigapil can be used for the research of congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD). Omigapil is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.

Omega-3 acid ethyl esters (P-OM3) is a omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid. Omega-3 acid ethyl esters can be used for the researches of severe hypertriglyceridemia and cardiovascular diseases.

Oltipraz metabolite M2, an active metabolite of Oltipraz, is an orally active HIF-1α inhibitor. Oltipraz metabolite M2 increases mitochondrial fuel oxidation and inhibits lipogenesis in the liver by dually activating AMPK in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Oltipraz metabolite M2 can be used for hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis research.

Oleoylsulfamide is a cannabinoid receptor 1 inhibitor.

OICR19451 is an orally active dual NUAK1/NUAK2 and MARK2/MARK3 kinase inhibitor, with IC50 values of 12 nM and 10 nM against NUAK1 and NUAK2, and 101 nM and 124 nM against MARK2 and MARK3, respectively. OICR19451 modulates the Hippo signaling pathway, increases the phosphorylation level of YAP, enhances the cytoplasmic localization of YAP/TAZ, and inhibits the expression of oncogenes. OICR19451 inhibits cancer cell growth, reduces metastasis, promotes tumor capsule formation, and improves mouse survival in an orthotopic breast cancer model. OICR19451 can be used for research related to triple-negative breast cancer.

Cholesterol-conjugated OC prodrug (Compound 1b) is an orally active cholesterol-bound prodrug of Oseltamivir carboxylate. Cholesterol-conjugated OC prodrug has a protective effect against influenza virus infection. The Oseltamivir carboxylate released by the Cholesterol-conjugated OC prodrug has a longer duration of circulation than the Oseltamivir carboxylate released from Oseltamivir. Cholesterol-conjugated OC prodrug can be used in influenza research.

O-Carboranylphenoxyacetanilide-1,7-dicarbadodecaboran(12) is a boron-containing organic compound.

OCA 983 is an orally active tetrahydrofuranyl 1β-methylcarbapenem antibiotic. OCA 983 exhibits potent inhibitory activity against class A and class C β-lactamases. OCA 983 possesses a broad antibacterial spectrum, and can be used in the research of infectious diseases.

Oberadilol (CID-3047798) is an ACE2 receptor binding agent. Oberadilol binds to the human ACE2 receptor and SARS-CoV proteins (Spike S glycoprotein, protease) with a Kd of 23.18 mM for the SARS-CoV-2 main protease.

NVP CXCR2 20 is a selective CXCR2 inhibitor with analgesic and antinociceptive activities. NVP CXCR2 20 selectively blocks CXCR2 signaling and attenuates mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity in rat chronic constriction injury (CCI) models. NVP CXCR2 20 inhibits CXCL3-induced hypersensitivity in naive mice and reduces elevated CXCL3 protein levels in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of CCI-exposed rats. NVP CXCR2 20 can be used for the research of neuropathic pain and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Nurr1/RXR dual agonist 1 is a dual activator of Nurr1 (EC50 = 2.6 µM) and RXR with Ks of 0.6 and 1.1 µM, respectively. Nurr1/RXR dual agonist 1 exclusively activates the heterodimer response element DR5 by selectively destabilizing the Nurr1 homodimer and stabilizing the Nurr1:RXR heterodimer. Nurr1/RXR dual agonist 1 enhances expression of a specific subset of neuroprotective Nurr1 target genes while avoiding induction of genes associated with potential off-target effects in neuronal cells. Nurr1/RXR dual agonist 1 can be used for neurodegenerative diseases research.

NTPDase/NPP1-IN-1 is an ectonucleotidase (NTPDase) and nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (NPP1) inhibitor, with IC50 values of 0.28, 0.92, 0.82 and 0.73 μM against h-NTPDase1, h-NTPDase2, h-NTPDase3 and h-NPP1, respectively. NTPDase/NPP1-IN-1 is a membrane-interacting agent that localizes to the plasma membrane and interacts with cancer cells. NTPDase/NPP1-IN-1 can be used in the research of breast cancer.

NSP-DMAE-HEG-Giu-NHS (Fig.18) is an activated labeling reagent containing acridine ester, and it is a key component of Cyclosporine A tracers.

NSD2-PWWP1-IN-5 (Compound 13) is an effective NSD2-PWWP1 inhibitor with a Kd value of 78 nM. NSD2-PWWP1-IN-5 competitively blocks the recognition of H3K36me2 and DNA by NSD2-PWWP1, thereby weakening its binding ability to nucleosomes. NSD2-PWWP1-IN-5 inhibits the proliferation of U2OS osteosarcoma cells and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. NSD2-PWWP1-IN-5 can be used for the study of osteosarcoma.

NSC-624871 (JD-87), an analog of Miltefosine, is natural killer T-2 (NKT-2) activator. NSC-624871 activates type II NKT cells. NSC-624871 can be used for the study of SARS-CoV-2-mediated inflammatory conditions.

NSC127916 (compound Ib) is a 2,6-diaminopurine analogue of Methotrexate.

NSC126188 is a RhoB inducer. NSC126188 can induce apoptosis by inhibiting Akt/FoxO3 signaling. NSC126188 can be used for the research of cancer, such as prostate cancer.

NSC 660028 is a DNA topoisomerase II (DNA topoisomerase II) inhibitor with an ID50 of 50 μM. NSC 660028 inhibits DNA topoisomerase II and induces protein-linked DNA breaks. NSC 660028 can be used for cancer research.

NSC 121182 is a compound selected from NCI Diversity Set II by structure-based virtual screening. NSC 121182 can be used to study the Vitronectin-uPAR interaction. NSC 121182 can be used for cancer research.

NS8593 is an SK channel (small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels) inhibitor. NS8593 reversibly inhibited recombinant SK3-mediated currents (human SK3 and rat SK3). NS8593 inhibits all the SK1-3 subtypes Ca2+-dependently (Kd = 0.42, 0.60, and 0.73 μM, respectively, at 0.5 μM Ca2+). NS8593 does not affect the Ca2+-activated K channels of intermediate and large conductance (hlk and hBK channels, respectively). NS8593 can also inhibit TRPM7 (melastatin-related TRP cation channel 7) (IC50 = 1.6 mM). NS8593 can be used for the study of central nervous system (CNS) related diseases.

NPSR1 modulator-1 is a NPSR1 modulator.

N-Phosphotaurocyamine (Taurocyamine phosphate) is a phosphagen in Arenicola, the stores of phosphotaurocyamine are an energy source which can be used for rapid regeneration of ATP.

NPFFR2 modulator-1 (compound 11) is a NPFFR2 modulator.

NPC 573 is a Bradykinin analog. NPC 573 inhibits contraction of the uterus.

North-methanocarbathymidine (N-MCT) is a potent antiviral agent. North-methanocarbathymidine inhibits DNA synthesis. North-methanocarbathymidine demonstrates potent antiviral activity against HSV-1, HSV-2 and KSHV. North-methanocarbathymidine exhibits anticancer activity against colon adenocarcinoma expressing HSV-tk.

Norhyodeoxycholic acid (NHDCA) is a synthetic bile acid and a derivative of hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA).

Norfloxacin succinil is a quinolone antibacterial agent. Norfloxacin succinil can be used in the research of infectious diseases such as urinary tract infections.

nNOS-IN-2 trihydrochloride is a blood-brain barrier-permeable nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibitor. nNOS-IN-2 trihydrochloride exhibits Ki values of 1.7 nM and 2.3 nM against human and rat nNOS, respectively, and shows high selectivity for human eNOS and iNOS. nNOS-IN-2 trihydrochloride also effectively reduces PD-L1 expression in human melanoma cells under both basal conditions and IFN-γ exposure. nNOS-IN-2 trihydrochloride can be used for the study of melanoma and related signaling pathways.

NN-01-195 is a HSP90 inhibitor-drug conjugate. NN-01-195 binds tightly to and inhibits AURKA and HSP90, with an IC50 of 3.1 nM against AURKA and an IC50 of 8.7 nM against HSP90α. NN-01-195 induces mitotic arrest and spindle abnormality in tumor cells, and triggers cell apoptosis. NN-01-195 can be used in the research of solid tumors.

N-Methyl-4-(8-phenoxyoctoxy) aniline (Compound 3568) is an anti-schistosomal agent. N-Methyl-4-(8-phenoxyoctoxy) aniline exhibits definite anti-Schistosoma mansoni activity in mouse models, but has high acute toxicity. N-Methyl-4-(8-phenoxyoctoxy) aniline can be used in studies related to schistosomiasis.