Thiamine is a essential nutrient required for carbohydrate metabolism; also involved in nerve function. Biosynthesized by microorganisms and plants. Dietary sources include whole grains, meat products, vegetables, milk, legumes and fruit. Also present in rice husks and yeast. Converted in vivo to Thiamine diphosphate, a coenzyme in the decarboxylation of α-keto acids. Chronic deficiency may lead to neurological impairment, bariberi, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.

Bauerenol is a triterpenoid from Indian Suregada angustifolia, is isolated from the stem bark of Acronychia pedunculata., Induces reactive oxygen species-mediated P38MAPK activation and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. Bauerenol is an Antitrypanosomal Agent.

Cyclosporin B is an immunosuppressant that has revolutionized organ transplantation through its use in the prevention of graft rejection. A group of nonpolar cyclic oligopeptides with immunosuppressant activity. Cyclosporin B is a derivative of cyclosporin A that exhibits significantly less immunosuppressive activity. Cyclosporin B displays antiviral properties, inhibiting entry of hepatitis B into hepatocytes. Cyclosporin B also inhibits RANKL-induced TRAP phosphatase activity, inducing apoptosis in osteoclasts.

Bromosulfalein has been commonly used as both a substrate and inhibitor of organic anionic transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1), OATP1B3, OATP1A2, and OATP2B1, as well as multidrug resistance protein 2 (MDR2). It has also been used for in vivo studies of liver and biliary system function and as an anionic dye for the quantitative estimation of protein levels in tissue homogenates or purified samples.

Avermectin B1a monosaccharide is a macrolide anthelmintic and monosaccharide form of avermectin B1a.

True Blue is a fluorescent neuronal retrograde tracer that labels the nucleus, nucleolus, cell body, proximal dendrites, and axons of neurons. It displays excitation/emission maxima of 373/404 nm, respectively.

Territrem B is a mycotoxin that irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE). It is toxic to mice, inducing tremors with a median tremulous dose of 0.21 mg/kg.

Chromomycin A2 is an aureolic acid that has antibacterial and anticancer activities. Chromomycin A2 inhibits the growth of human SGC7901 gastric cancer, HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma, A549 lung epithelial adenocarcinoma, HCT116 colon cancer, and COC1 ovarian cancer cells, as well as human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Chromomycin A2 halts the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase and increases the protein levels of LC3A and LC3B in MALME-3M melanoma cells. This indicates that it induces autophagy. It also increases the levels and promoter activity of the autophagic proteins ATG7 and ATG10 and reduces cell viability to 50% in human SCC-11 squamous cell carcinoma cells when used at a concentration of 30 nM.

LysoFP-NH2 is the fluorescent form of the lysosomal turn-on fluorescent probe for carbon monoxide (CO) lysoFP-NO2. LysoFP-NH2 is formed when lysoFP-NO2 reacts with CO. It displays excitation/emission maxima of 440/528 nm, respectively.

Rugulotrosin A is an antibiotic active against the Gram-positive bacteria E. faecalis, B. cereus, B. subtilis, and S. aureus. Rugulotrosin A is inactive against Gram-negative bacteria.

Alfrutamide is a phenolic amide that has diverse biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antiproliferative properties. It decreases nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) activity and increases NO scavenging without inducing cytotoxicity. It also scavenges 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals in TLC autographic and spectrophotometric assays.

Micronomicin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic originally isolated from Micromonospora. It is active against S. aureus, B. subtilis, B. cereus, E. coli, and K. pneumoniae.

N,N-Dipropyldopamine HBr is a dopamine receptor agonist. It decreases dihydrophenylalanine (DOPA) levels in the limbic forebrain and striatum as well as reduces homovanillic acid (HVA) levels. N,N-Dipropyldopamine reduces spontaneous locomotor activity in mice, an effect that can be reversed by the antipsychotic spiroperidol.

Urapidil HCl is an antagonist of α1-adrenergic receptors (α1-ARs) and a partial agonist of the serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtype 5-HT1A. Urapidil HCl inhibits cAMP accumulation induced by forskolin. It is also a β1-AR antagonist that inhibits the positive chronotropic response induced by isoproterenol. Urapidil HCl lowers mean arterial pressure (MAP) in anesthetized cats, an effect that is reduced by central administration of the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist spiroxatrine.

Peonidin 3-O-glucoside is a metabolite of cyanidin 3-glucoside and an anthocyanin with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and anti-metastatic properties. Peonidin 3-O-glucoside inhibits IL-1β-induced phosphorylation of IKKα, IκBα, and ERK in human articular chondrocytes. Peonidin 3-O-glucoside inhibits the growth of Hs578T human breast cancer cells in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner and decreases pulmonary metastasis in a mouse model of Lewis lung carcinoma.

3-Hydroxyterphenyllin is a p-terphenyl fungal metabolite with antioxidant, antiproliferative, antibacterial, and antiviral properties. 2 3-Hydroxyterphenyllin inhibits the growth of HeLa cervical, A549 lung, and HepG2 liver cancer cells as well as methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and V. vulnificus bacteria. It also inhibits HIV-1 integrase in both coupled and strand transfer assays.

4-oxo Withaferin A is a derivative of the steroidal lactone withaferin A that has anticancer activity. It is cytotoxic to A2780 ovarian cancer cells and carboplatin-resistant A2780 (A2780/CP70) cells and is 4.4-fold selective for A2780 cells over non-cancerous ARPE19 cells.

Aminomethyltrioxsalen is a psoralen compound DNA intercalator used to inactivate DNA and RNA viruses, including HIV-1, by nucleic acid cross-linking followed by UV irradiation.

ATMP, or aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid), is a phosphonic acid with chelating properties. It is an antiscalant.

Amisulpride, (R)-, is an atypical antipsychotic used to treat psychosis in schizophrenia and episodes of mania in bipolar disorder.

Rhododendrol, (+/-)-, is an aromatic compound that may be useful in the treatment of hepatic diseases. However, this product is a known pro-oxidant which can be toxic to melanocytes.

Talopram hydrochloride is a the HCl salt of Talopram -- a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI). Along with talsupram, talopram is structurally related to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram, as well as to melitracen.

Cloxacillin Sodium is a semi-synthetic antibiotic that is a chlorinated derivative of Oxacillin. Cloxacillin is used to treat infections caused by species of staphylococci that produce beta-lactamase.

Chlorfluazuron is a chitin synthesis inhibitor. Chlorfluazuron is commonly used in agriculture as an insect growth regulator for controlling the major insect pests in crops

Precocene II is an antiallotropin compound capable of inhibiting juvenile hormone biosynthesis. Precocene II has antibacterial, antifungal, insecticidal, and antioxidant activities.

Emetine is a drug used as both an anti-protozoal and to induce vomiting. It is produced from the ipecac root. It takes its name from its emetic properties. Emetine protects mice from enterovirus infection by inhibiting viral translation. Emetine Synergizes with Cisplatin to Enhance Anti-Cancer Efficacy against Lung Cancer Cells. Emetine exhibits anticancer activity in breast cancer cells as an antagonist of Wnt/β?catenin signaling. Emetine inhibits Zika and Ebola virus infections through two molecular mechanisms: inhibiting viral replication and decreasing viral entry.

alpha-Cypermethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide.

Hadacidin is an inhibitor of AMP synthesis. Hadacidin and hadacidin analogues have anticancer activity and activity against adenylosuccinate synthetase.

alpha-Artemether is a Quinghaosu derivative which shows antimalarial and antifungal activity.

AM 6201, also known as Reductiomycin, is an alkaloid originally derived from Streptomyces xanthochromogenus that has been shown to exhibit antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinomas in mice.