Silybin is a flavonolignan isolated from milk thistle (Silybum marianum) seeds. Silybin induces apoptosis and exhibits hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer activity.

Eupalinolide A, isolated from Eupatorium lindleyanum, induces the expression of HSP70 via the activation of HSF1 by inhibiting the interaction between HSF1 and HSP90.

Jatrorrhizine?hydroxide is an alkaloid isolated from?Coptis chinensis with neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities. Jatrorrhizine hydroxide is a potent and orally active inhibitor of?AChE?(IC50=872 nM) over >115-fold selectivity for BuChE. Jatrorrhizine hydroxide reduces uptake of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) via inhibition of uptake-2 transporters.

Anisodamine hydrobromide (6-Hydroxyhyoscyamine hydrobromide), a belladonna alkaloid, is a non-subtype-selective muscarinic and a nicotinic cholinoceptor antagonist. Anisodamine hydrobromide shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties.

α-Angelica lactone is a naturally occurring anticarcinogen and an vinylogous nucleophile. α-Angelica lactone can give the chiral δ-amino γ,γ-disubstituted butenolide carbonyl derivatives and exhibitselectrophilic trapping at the γ-carbon. α-Angelica lactone exerts strong chemoprotective effects by selective enhancement of glutathione-S-thansferase (GST) and UDP-glucononosyltransferase (UGT) detoxification enzymes.

Lumisterol (9β,10α-Ergosterol), a steroid compound, is the (9β,10α)-stereoisomer of Ergosterol. Lumisterol is a photoprotective agent against UVB-induced DNA damage and anti-proliferative activities.

(±)-Taxifolin ((±)-Dihydroquercetin) is the racemate of Taxifolin. Taxifolin exhibits important anti-tyrosinase activity. Taxifolin exhibits significant inhibitory activity against collagenase with an IC50 value of 193.3 μM.

D-Isoleucine ((R)-Isoleucine), an isoleucine stereoisomer, is a selective activator of Asc-1 antiporter, which enhances long-term potentiation at the hippocampal CA1-CA3 via release of endogenous D-serine.

2'-Aminoacetophenone is an aromatic compound containing a ketone substituted by one alkyl group, and a phenyl group. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can be used as a breath biomarker for the detection of Ps. Aeruginosa infections in the cystic fibrosis lung.

Indole-2-carboxylic acid is a strong inhibitor of lipid peroxidation. Indole-2-carboxylic acid (I2CA) specifically and competitively inhibits the potentiation by glycine of NMDA-gated current.

Chromium(III) (acetate) (Chromic acetate) is an ionic crosslinker.

MitoMark Red I is a red fluorescent mitochondrial stain. Fluorescence intensity is dependent on mitochondrial membrane potential. Excitation/emission maxima λ ~ 578/599 nm.

Phalloidin-FITC, a green fluorescent cytoskeleton stain, binds and labels F-actin. For most fluorescent imaging applications, cells should to be fixed and permeablilized. Excitation/emission maxima λ ~496/516 nm.

TFAX 488,TFP, an amine reactive green fluorescent dye, is insensitive to pH in the range 4-10. TFAX 488,TFP forms bright and photostable conjugates with proteins and antibodies. TFAX 488,TFP is less susceptible to spontaneous hydrolysis during conjugation reactions compared to SE or NHS dyes. TFAX 488,TFP also displays greater stability compared to NHS and SE versions, typically lasting several hours. TFAX 488,TFP is suitable for use in flow cytometry, two-photon excitation microscopy (TPE), and super resolution microscopy techniques, such as dSTORM, SIM and STED. Excitation maximum=495 nm; emission maximum=515 nm; extinction coefficient=73,000 M-1cm-1; quantum yield=0.92.

TFAX 568, SE, an amine reactive orange fluorescent dye, is insensitive to pH in the range 4-10. TFAX 568, SE forms bright and photostable conjugates with proteins and antibodies. TFAX 568, SE is suitable for use in flow cytometry, 2-photon excitation microscopy, and super resolution mircoscopy techniques, such as dSTORM. Excitation maximum=578 nm; emission maximum=602 nm; quantum yield=0.69; extinction coefficient=60720 M-1cm-1.

TFAX 594,SE, an amine reactive red fluorescent dye, is insensitive to pH in the range 4-10. TFAX 594,SE forms bright and photostable conjugates with proteins and antibodies. TFAX 594,SE is suitable for use in flow cytometry, 2-photon excitation microscopy, and super resolution mircoscopy techniques, such as dSTORM. Excitation/emission maxima ~ 590 / 660 nm; extinction coefficient=92,000 M-1cm-1; quantum yield=0.66.

NF279 is a potent selective and reversible P2X1 receptor antagonist, with an IC50 of 19 nM. NF279 displays good selectivity over P2X2, P2X3 (IC50=1.62 μM), P2X4 (IC50>300 μM). NF279 is a dual HIV-1 coreceptor inhibitor that interferes with the functional engagement of CCR5 and CXCR4 by Env.

ACES (N-(2-Acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is a zwitterionic buffer. The working pH range of ACES buffer is 6.8-7.2.

MOPS is commonly used as a buffering agent in biology. MOPS buffer can maintain the pH of mammalian cell culture media.

MES (2-Morpholinoethanesulphonic acid) sodium salt, a zwitterionic buffer, is effective in the pH range of 5.5-7.7. MES sodium salt, as one of the Good’s buffers, is broadly used to regulate pH value for plants culture medium, reagent solution, and physiological experiments.

Sulfo-NHS-LC-Biotin sodium is a water soluble amine-reactive biotinylation reagent that can be used for antibody labeling.

Betahistine mesylate is an orally active histamine H1 receptor agonist and a H3 receptor antagonist. Betahistine mesylate is used for the study of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Trometamol hydrochloride (Tromethamine hydrochloride) is a biologically inert amino alcohol of low toxicity, which buffers carbon dioxide and acids in vitro and in vivo. Trometamol hydrochloride is an effective amine compound for pH control in the physiological range.

Rose Bengal sodium, a synthetic fluorescein derivative, and is a crimson-coloured dye with the principal component being 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-2,4,5,7-tetraiodo fluorescein. Rose Bengal sodium has been widely used as an ophthalmic diagnostic agents, and can detect desiccated or damaged cells on the ocular surface. Rose Bengal sodium exhibits antiviral activities.

Malachite green oxalate is a triphenylmethane dye which can be used to detect the release of phosphate in enzymatic reactions. Malachite green oxalate is also a potent and selective inhibitor of IKBKE, and inhibits its downstream targets such as IκBα, p65 and IRF3. Malachite green oxalate exhibits antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo.

7-Ethoxyresorufin (Resorufin ethyl ether) is a fluorometric substrate and competitive inhibitor of cytochrome P450, especially CYP1A1. 7-Ethoxyresorufin also inhibits NO synthase.

Resorufin methyl ether (Methoxyresorufin) is a cytochrome P450 fluorometric substrate. Resorufin methyl ether is a relatively specific substrate for CYP1A2 activity in rodents.

Quinine hemisulfate hydrate is an alkaloid derived from the bark of the cinchona tree, acts as an anti-malaria agent. Quinine hemisulfate hydrate is a potassium channel inhibitor that inhibits WT mouse Slo3 (KCa5.1) channel currents evoked by voltage pulses to +100?mV with an IC50 of 169 μM.

ATP dipotassium (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate dipotassium) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo, provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP dipotassium is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation.

Ilaprazole (IY-81149) sodium is an orally active proton pump inhibitor. Ilaprazole sodium irreversibly inhibits H+/K+-ATPase in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 6 μM in rabbit parietal cell preparation. Ilaprazole sodium is used for the research of gastric ulcers. Ilaprazole sodium is also a potent TOPK (T-lymphokine-activated killer cell-originated protein kinase) inhibitor.