Amorfrutin A is the inhibition of NF-κB activation, that inhibits TNF-α-induced IκBα degradation, p65 nuclear translocation, and DNA-binding activity. Amorfrutin A promotes TNF-α-induced apoptosis in HeLa cell through promotion of caspase-3 and PARP proteolysis.

(S,R,S)-AHPC-Boc derivative 1 (Compound 80-9; VH032-Boc derivative 1) is a selective proteasomal degrader targeting MALT1, which recruits the E3 ubiquitin ligase CRBN to form a ternary complex with MALT1, leading to ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of MALT1. (S,R,S)-AHPC-Boc derivative 1 inhibits the NF-κB signaling pathway by disrupting the CBM complex, demonstrating potential for inducing apoptosis in ABC-DLBCL cells. (S,R,S)-AHPC-Boc derivative 1 is promising for research of MALT1-dependent cancers, such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

RWJ-58643 hydrochloride is a β-trypsin inhibitor that inhibits allergic inflammation. RWJ-58643 hydrochloride (1 g) significantly reduces nasal allergy symptoms, eosinophil infiltration, and IL-5 levels at low doses. RWJ-58643 hydrochloride causes late eosinophilia and elevated IL-5 levels at high doses (300 mg and 600 mg). RWJ-58643 hydrochloride modulates allergic reactions by inhibiting the release of β-trypsin from mast cells.

L-Isoleucyl-L-valine (Ile-Val) is a dipeptide that induces the bovine trypsinogen-trypsin transition.

Benzamidine is a reversible competitive trypsin inhibitor with a Ki of 19 μM. Benzamidine shows inhibitory activity against homogeneous boar sperm acrosin with a Ki of 4 μM.

Plodicitinib is a Janus tyrosine kinase 3/TEC family kinase inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity.

Yakuchinone B is an Acyl-CoA: cholesterol O-acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor with hypocholesterolemic activity, which is found in the seeds of Zingiberaceae. Yakuchinone B inhibits rat hepatic ACAT with an IC50 value of 20.6 μM. Yakuchinone B is promising for research of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis.

Epicochlioquinone A can inhibit rat liver microsomal ACAT with IC50 of 1.7 μM, inhibit plasma lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) with IC50 of 15.8 μM, and inhibit cholesterol absorption in rats by 50% at 75 mg/kg.

Cyano-myracrylamide is an inhibitor of zinc finger DHHC domain-containing palmitoyltransferase 20 (zDHHC20) with an IC50 value of 1.35 µM. Cyano-myracrylamide also inhibits the S-Acylation of EGFR and CD36. Cyano-myracrylamide also inhibits S-acylation of Legionella E3 ligase GobX, MyD88, and Ras, which are substrates of zDHHC20, zDHHC9, and zDHHC6, respectively, in HEK293T cells expressing recombinant Legionella GobX, recombinant human MyD88, or endogenous Ras.

ChAT IN-1 is a selective Choline Acetyltransferase (ChAT) inhibitor. It can be used to study mechanisms related to the overexpression of non-neuronal ChAT in cancers (e.g., colorectal and lung cancers) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

BAY 74-4113 is a DGAT1 inhibitor (IC50: 72 nM). BAY 74-4113 can be used in obesity research.

ALT-007 is an orally effective serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) inhibitor. SPT is the rate-limiting enzyme for the de novo synthesis of ceramide. In a mouse model of age-related sarcopenia, ALT-007 can effectively restore the muscle mass and function impaired by aging. ALT-007 may enhance protein homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans and mouse models of aging and age-related diseases and play the role of a ceramide inhibitor.

Δ2-trans-Hexadecenoic acid is a trans fatty acid isolated from the seed oil of Aster tataricus (Thunb.).

Tribromobisphenol A (Tri-BBPA; 2,2',6-Tribromobisphenol A) is a phenolic compound isolated from human breast milk.

Thalicpureine (compound 12) is a secondary metabolite.

Succinyl CoA is an intermediate of the citric acid cycle. Succinyl CoA can be converted to succinic acid and can also combines with glycine to form δ-amino levulinic acid (ALA) to synthesize porphyrins (heme). Succinyl CoA can be used in the study of metabolic, neurological and haematological abnormalities (such as porphyrias) caused by nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency (resulting in a deficiency in Succinyl CoA synthesis).

SPP-037 is an orally active and selective inhibitor of ST6GAL1 (IC50: 3.59 μM). SPP-037 exhibits anti-MDA-MB-231 cell migration activity by inhibiting integrin α2,6-sialylation and integrin-FAK-paxillin pathway. SPP-037 has anti-tumor activity in MDA-MB-231 xenograft mouse model. SPP-037 can be used in breast cancer research.

Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) is an intermediate in photosynthesis that can be metabolized to 3-phosphoglycerate by ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), a key enzyme in the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle.

Resolvin E4 (RvE4) is an endogenous metabolite that stimulates efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils and senescent erythrocytes. Resolvin E4 enhances resolution of hemorrhagic exudates and inflammation in vivo.

Remisporine B is a polyketide, that can be isolated from Penicillium sp. ZJ-SY2. Remisporine B exhibits immunosuppressive efficacy, that inhibits concanavalin A-induced T-cell proliferation and LPS- induced B-cell proliferations of mouse splenic lymphocytes with IC50 of 30.1 µg/mL and 32.4 µg/mL.

Pyridoxine tri(2-hexyldecanoate) is a derivative of Vitamin B6 and activates the GTPase activity of microtubules[1][2].

Pseudane V is the secondary metabolite that can be isolated from the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. M2. Pseudane V inhibits the melanin synthesis in cell Melan-A, and can be used as a potential skin whitening agent.

Propiverine N-oxide is the main metabolite of hydrochloride propiverine, and it can affect bladder contractions and saliva secretion in small pigs.

Previridicatumtoxin is a fungal metabolite with antibacterial and anticancer activities. Previridicatumtoxin can be extracted from P. aethiopicum and utilized in research related to cancer as well as infections.

PD-147693 (compound II) is an active metabolite of the presynaptic dopamine autoreceptor agonist CI-1007 and has antipsychotic activity similar to CI-1007.

O-Deshydroxyethyl bosentan is a metabolite of Bosentan, which is a competitive and dual antagonist of endothelin-1 (ET) for the ETA and ETB receptors.

Nepetalactone is an unsaturated lactone that may be hydrolyzed to nepetalic acid.

N-Cholyl-L-alanine is a bile acid amidate, which is found in human fecal samples.

N-Butyl lithocholic acid is a derivative of the secondary bile acid Lithocholic acid.

Mevalonate 5-phosphate trilithium is a substrate of phosphomevalonate kinase and mevalonate-5-phosphate decarboxylase.